二千堅尼錦標

英國二千堅尼錦標(2000 Guineas Stakes)是一場只限三歲雄馬及雌馬參賽的平地國際一級賽事。每年四月末或五月初舉行,路程為一哩(1609米),於新市場馬場的羅利賽道上競逐。

英國二千堅尼
1874年二千堅尼錦標, 版畫, Illustrated Sporting and Dramatic News, 1874年5月

這場賽事是英國五場經典賽事之一,也是每年最先舉行的經典賽。它與次關葉森打吡和尾關聖烈治錦標合組成英國三冠系列,近年已甚少馬匹能連贏三關。

歷史 编辑

首屆二千堅尼錦標於1809年4月18日舉行,比只限雌馬參與的一千堅尼錦標早了五年。這兩場三歲賽事,都是葉森打吡共同創辦人、賽馬會董事查爾斯·班伯里爵士一手促成。賽事以獎金總額來命名(1堅尼相當於21先令或1.05英鎊)。

至1860年代中期,二千堅尼已被視為其中一場最頂級的三歲馬賽事。這個年齡組別最頂級的五場比賽(一千堅尼錦標、二千堅尼錦標、橡樹大賽、葉森打吡、聖烈治錦標,特色是距離一場比一場長),漸被人們稱為經典賽。經典賽的概念,後來更傳到其他國家。

歐洲不同國家都有二千堅尼賽事,包括愛爾蘭的愛爾蘭二千堅尼、德國的Mehl-Mülhens-Rennen、法國的Poule d'Essai des Poulains和意大利的Premio Parioli;而在歐洲以外的國家,也有澳洲的澳洲堅尼和日本的臯月賞

參加二千堅尼的馬匹,通常會以卡拉芬錦標或格拉咸錦標作熱身,所以這兩場比賽一般被視為二千堅尼的預賽。也有馬匹完全不作熱身便走上二千堅尼戰場。而二千堅尼本身也可作為葉森打吡的預賽,對上一匹能贏取這兩場一級賽的是2012年的帝皇城堡。另一方面,2018年的冠軍碩信尚武成為首隻大震撼的子嗣勝出英國經典賽事。

自2001年起,一千堅尼的獎金提升至與二千堅尼相同。2016年起兩者的獎金金額俱為50萬英鎊[1]

歷屆冠軍 编辑

年份 馬匹 騎師 練馬師 馬主 時間
1809 Wizard Bill Clift Tom Perren Christopher Wilson
1810 Hephestion Frank Buckle Robert Robson 2nd Earl Grosvenor
1811 Trophonius Sam Barnard Dixon Boyce Robert Andrew
1812 Cwrw Sam Chifney Jr. William Chifney 3rd Earl of Darlington
1813 Smolensko H. Miller Crouch Sir Charles Bunbury
1814 Olive Bill Arnull Dixon Boyce Charles Wyndham
1815 Tigris Bill Arnull Dixon Boyce 1st Baron Rous
1816 Nectar Bill Arnull Dixon Boyce Lord George Cavendish
1817 Manfred Will Wheatley Robert Stephenson Scott Stonehewer
1818 Interpreter Bill Clift Richard Prince 3rd Baron Foley
1819 Antar Edward Edwards [2] James Edwards Sir John Shelley
1820 Pindarrie Frank Buckle Robert Robson 4th Duke of Grafton
1821 Reginald Frank Buckle Robert Robson 4th Duke of Grafton
1822 Pastille Frank Buckle Robert Robson 4th Duke of Grafton
1823 Nicolo Will Wheatley Joe Rogers Joe Rogers
1824 Schahriar Will Wheatley James Haffenden
1825 Enamel Jem Robinson Charles Marson 2nd Marquess of Exeter
1826 Dervise John Barham Day Robert Robson 4th Duke of Grafton
1827 Turcoman Frank Buckle Robert Robson 4th Duke of Grafton
1828 Cadland Jem Robinson Dixon Boyce 5th Duke of Rutland
1829 Patron Frank Boyce Charles Marson 2nd Marquess of Exeter
1830 Augustus Patrick Conolly Charles Marson 2nd Marquess of Exeter
1831 Riddlesworth Jem Robinson James Edwards 5th Earl of Jersey
1832 Archibald Arthur Pavis Jonathan Peel
1833 Clearwell Jem Robinson 3rd Earl of Orford
1834 Glencoe Jem Robinson James Edwards 5th Earl of Jersey
1835 Ibrahim Jem Robinson James Edwards 5th Earl of Jersey
1836 Bay Middleton Jem Robinson James Edwards 5th Earl of Jersey
1837 Achmet Edward Edwards James Edwards 5th Earl of Jersey
1838 Grey Momus John Barham Day John Barham Day Lord George Bentinck
1839 The Corsair Bill Wakefield John Doe 1st Earl of Lichfield
1840 Crucifix John Barham Day John Barham Day Lord George Bentinck
1841 Ralph John Barham Day W. Edwards 4th Earl of Albemarle
1842 Meteor Bill Scott John Scott John Bowes
1843 Cotherstone Bill Scott John Scott John Bowes
1844 The Ugly Buck John Day John Barham Day John Barham Day
1845 Idas Nat Flatman Robert Boyce Jr. 2nd Earl of Stradbroke
1846 Sir Tatton Sykes Bill Scott William Oates Bill Scott
1847 Conyngham Jem Robinson John Day Sir Robert Pigot
1848 Flatcatcher Jem Robinson Henry Stebbing B. Green
1849 Nunnykirk Frank Butler John Scott Anthony Nichol
1850 Pitsford Alfred Day John Day Harry Hill
1851 Hernandez Nat Flatman John Kent Jr. Viscount Enfield
1852 Stockwell John Norman William Harlock 2nd Marquess of Exeter
1853 West Australian Frank Butler John Scott John Bowes
1854 The Hermit Alfred Day John Day John Gully
1855 Lord of the Isles Tom Aldcroft William Day James Merry
1856 Fazzoletto Nat Flatman John Scott 14th Earl of Derby
1857 Vedette John Osborne Jr. George Abdale 2nd Earl of Zetland 1:51.00
1858 Fitz-Roland John Wells George Manning Sir Joseph Hawley
1859 The Promised Land Alfred Day William Day William Day
1860 The Wizard Tom Ashmall John Scott Anthony Nichol
1861 Diophantus Arthur Edwards Joseph Dawson 7th Earl of Stamford 1:43.00
1862 The Marquis Tom Ashmall John Scott Stanhope Hawke
1863 Macaroni Tom Chaloner James Godding Richard Naylor
1864 General Peel Tom Aldcroft Tom Dawson 5th Earl of Glasgow 1:48.50
1865 Gladiateur Harry Grimshaw Tom Jennings, Sr. Frédéric de Lagrange
1866 Lord Lyon R. Thomas James Dover Richard Sutton
1867 Vauban George Fordham John Day 8th Duke of Beaufort
1868
(dh)
Formosa † ‡
Moslem
George Fordham
Tom Chaloner
Henry Woolcott
Alec Taylor, Sr.
William Graham
William Stirling Crawfurd
1869 Pretender John Osborne Jr. Tom Dawson John Johnstone
1870 Macgregor John Daley J. Waugh James Merry
1871 Bothwell John Osborne Jr. Tom Dawson John Johnstone
1872 Prince Charlie John Osborne Jr. Joseph Dawson Joseph Dawson
1873 Gang Forward Tom Chaloner Alec Taylor, Sr. William Stirling Crawfurd 1:46.00
1874 Atlantic Fred Archer Mathew Dawson 6th Viscount Falmouth
1875 Camballo John Osborne Jr. Mathew Dawson Clare Vyner
1876 Petrarch Harry Luke John Dawson, Sr. Viscount Dupplin
1877 Chamant Jem Goater Tom Jennings, Sr. Frédéric de Lagrange 1:50.00
1878 Pilgrimage Tom Cannon, Sr. Joe Cannon 4th Earl of Lonsdale 1:56.00
1879 Charibert Fred Archer Mathew Dawson 6th Viscount Falmouth 1:51.00
1880 Petronel George Fordham Joe Cannon 8th Duke of Beaufort 1:52.00
1881 Peregrine Fred Webb Robert Peck 1st Duke of Westminster 1:49.00
1882 Shotover Tom Cannon, Sr. John Porter 1st Duke of Westminster 1:53.40
1883 Galliard Fred Archer Mathew Dawson 6th Viscount Falmouth 1:50.40
1884 Scot Free Billy Platt Tom Chaloner John Foy 1:48.00
1885 Paradox Fred Archer John Porter William Broderick Cloete 1:51.40
1886 Ormonde George Barrett John Porter 1st Duke of Westminster 1:46.80
1887 Enterprise Tom Cannon, Sr. James Ryan Douglas Baird 1:45.60
1888 Ayrshire John Osborne Jr. George Dawson 6th Duke of Portland 1:52.20
1889 Enthusiast Tom Cannon, Sr. James Ryan Douglas Baird 1:45.20
1890 Surefoot John Liddiard Charles Jousiffe Archie Merry 1:49.80
1891 Common George Barrett John Porter 1st Baron Alington 1:47.00
1892 Bona Vista Jack Robinson William Arthur Jarvis Charles Day Rose 1:54.00
1893 Isinglass Tommy Loates James Jewitt Harry McCalmont 1:42.40
1894 Ladas John Watts Mathew Dawson 5th Earl of Rosebery 1:44.20
1895 Kirkconnel John Watts Jos Day Sir John Blundell Maple 1:42.40
1896 St Frusquin Tommy Loates Alfred Hayhoe Leopold de Rothschild 1:43.60
1897 Galtee More Charles Wood Sam Darling John Gubbins 1:40.60
1898 Disraeli Sam Loates John Dawson, Sr. Wallace Johnstone 1:41.80
1899 Flying Fox Morny Cannon John Porter 1st Duke of Westminster 1:43.00
1900 Diamond Jubilee Herbert Jones Richard Marsh 威爾斯親王 1:41.60
1901 Handicapper Bill Halsey Fred Day Sir Ernest Cassel 1:43.00
1902 Sceptre † ‡ Herbert Randall Bob Sievier Bob Sievier 1:39.00
1903 Rock Sand Skeets Martin George Blackwell Sir James Miller 1:42.00
1904 St Amant Kempton Cannon Alfred Hayhoe Leopold de Rothschild 1:38.80
1905 Vedas Herbert Jones Jack Robinson West de Wend-Fenton 1:41.20
1906 Gorgos Herbert Jones Richard Marsh Arthur James 1:43.80
1907 Slieve Gallion Billy Higgs Sam Darling Henry Greer 1:41.80
1908 Norman Otto Madden John Watson August Belmont Jr. 1:44.60
1909 Minoru Herbert Jones Richard Marsh 愛德華七世 1:37.80
1910 Neil Gow Danny Maher Percy Peck 5th Earl of Rosebery 1:40.40
1911 Sunstar George Stern Charles Morton Jack Barnato Joel 1:37.60
1912 Sweeper Danny Maher Atty Persse Herman Duryea 1:38.40
1913 Louvois Johnny Reiff Dawson Waugh Walter Raphael 1:38.80
1914 Kennymore George Stern Alec Taylor Jr. Sir John Thursby 1:38.00
1915 Pommern Steve Donoghue Charles Peck Solomon Joel 1:43.40
1916 Clarissimus Jimmy Clark Willie Waugh 7th Viscount Falmouth 1:39.60
1917 Gay Crusader Steve Donoghue Alec Taylor Jr. Alfred Cox 1:40.80
1918 Gainsborough Joe Childs Alec Taylor Jr. Lady James Douglas 1:44.60
1919 The Panther Dick Cooper George Manser Sir Alec Black 1:44.40
1920 Tetratema Brownie Carslake Atty Persse Dermot McCalmont 1:43.20
1921 Craig an Eran John Brennan Alec Taylor Jr. 2nd Viscount Astor 1:41.60
1922 St Louis George Archibald Peter Gilpin 1st Baron Queenborough 1:43.60
1923 Ellangowan Charlie Elliott Jack Jarvis 5th Earl of Rosebery 1:37.80
1924 Diophon George Hulme Dick Dawson 阿加汗三世 1:39.00
1925 Manna Steve Donoghue Fred Darling Henry Morriss 1:39.40
1926 Colorado Tommy Weston George Lambton 17th Earl of Derby 1:43.60
1927 Adam's Apple Jack Leach Harry Cottrill Charles Whitburn 1:38.20
1928 Flamingo Charlie Elliott Jack Jarvis Sir Laurence Philipps 1:38.80
1929 Mr Jinks Harry Beasley Atty Persse Dermot McCalmont 1:39.80
1930 Diolite Freddie Fox Fred Templeman Sir Hugo Hirst 1:42.40
1931 Cameronian Joe Childs Fred Darling Arthur Dewar 1:39.40
1932 Orwell Bobby Jones Joseph Lawson Washington Singer 1:42.40
1933 Rodosto Roger Brethès Harry Count Princesse de Lucinge 1:40.40
1934 Colombo Rae Johnstone Thomas Hogg 1st Baron Glanely 1:40.00
1935 Bahram Freddie Fox Frank Butters 阿加汗三世 1:41.40
1936 Pay Up Bobby Dick Joseph Lawson 2nd Viscount Astor 1:39.60
1937 Le Ksar Charles Semblat Frank Carter Evremond de Saint-Alary 1:44.60
1938 Pasch Gordon Richards Fred Darling Henry Morriss 1:38.80
1939 Blue Peter Eph Smith Jack Jarvis 6th Earl of Rosebery 1:39.40
1940 Djebel Charlie Elliott Albert Swann Marcel Boussac 1:42.60
1941 Lambert Simnel Charlie Elliott Fred Templeman 2nd Duke of Westminster 1:42.60
1942 Big Game Gordon Richards Fred Darling HM King George VI 1:40.80
1943 Kingsway Sam Wragg Joseph Lawson Alfred Saunders 1:37.60
1944 Garden Path Harry Wragg Walter Earl 17th Earl of Derby 1:39.60
1945 Court Martial Cliff Richards Joseph Lawson 2nd Viscount Astor 1:40.80
1946 Happy Knight Tommy Weston Henri Jelliss Sir William Cooke 1:38.20
1947 Tudor Minstrel Gordon Richards Fred Darling Arthur Dewar 1:37.80
1948 My Babu Charlie Smirke Sam Armstrong HH Maharaja of Baroda 1:35.80
1949 Nimbus Charlie Elliott George Colling Marion Glenister 1:38.00
1950 Palestine Charlie Smirke Marcus Marsh 阿加汗三世 1:36.80
1951 Ki Ming Scobie Breasley Michael Beary Ley On 1:42.00
1952 Thunderhead Roger Poincelet Etienne Pollet Eugène Constant 1:42.48
1953 Nearula Edgar Britt Charles Elsey William Humble 1:38.26
1954 Darius Manny Mercer Harry Wragg Sir Percy Loraine 1:39.45
1955 Our Babu Doug Smith Geoffrey Brooke David Robinson 1:38.83
1956 Gilles de Retz Frank Barlow Helen Johnson Houghton[a] Anthony Samuel 1:38.76
1957 Crepello 柏葛 Noel Murless 沙宣爵士 1:38.24
1958 Pall Mall Doug Smith Cecil Boyd-Rochfort 伊莉沙白二世 1:39.43
1959 Taboun 佐治摩亞 夏雅歷 Prince Aly Khan 1:42.42
1960 Martial Ron Hutchinson Paddy Prendergast Reginald Webster 1:38.33
1961 Rockavon Norman Stirk George Boyd Thomas Yuill 1:39.46
1962 Privy Councillor Bill Rickaby Tom Waugh Gerald Glover 1:38.74
1963 Only for Life 連利 Jeremy Tree Monica Sheriffe 1:45.00
1964 Baldric Bill Pyers Ernie Fellows Mrs Howell Jackson 1:38.44
1965 Niksar Duncan Keith Walter Nightingall Wilfred Harvey 1:43.31
1966 Kashmir 連利 Mick Bartholomew Peter Butler 1:40.68
1967 皇宮 佐治摩亞 Noel Murless Jim Joel 1:39.37
1968 Sir Ivor 柏葛 歐伯恩 Raymond Guest 1:39.26
1969 Right Tack 盧亦思 John Sutcliffe, Jr. Jim Brown 1:41.65
1970 尼真斯基 柏葛 歐伯恩 Charles Engelhard 1:41.54
1971 格烈准將 繆沙 香迪奇 Jean Hislop 1:39.20
1972 High Top 嘉遜 Bernard van Cutsem Sir Jules Thorn 1:40.82
1973 Mon Fils Frankie Durr 向能 Brenda Davis 1:42.97
1974 Nonoalco 冼馬田 包添 María Félix Berger 1:39.58
1975 Bolkonski 戴達利 施素爾 Carlo d'Alessio 1:39.49
1976 Wollow 戴達利 施素爾 Carlo d'Alessio 1:38.09
1977 Nebbiolo Gabriel Curran 彭達嘉 Niels Schibbye 1:38.54
1978 Roland Gardens Frankie Durr Duncan Sasse John Hayter 1:47.33
1979 Tap On Wood 高梵 侯爾仕 Tony Shead 1:43.60
1980 Known Fact b 嘉遜 Jeremy Tree 鴨都拿王子 1:40.46
1981 To-Agori-Mou 史達琪 夏活 Andry Muinos 1:41.43
1982 Zino 赫德 包添 Gerry Oldham 1:37.13
1983 Lomond 魏德禮 歐伯恩 羅拔桑士達 1:43.87
1984 El Gran Senor 魏德禮 歐伯恩 羅拔桑士達 1:37.41
1985 Shadeed 柏葛 司徒德 麥通酋長 1:37.41
1986 勇舞 史達琪 夏活 鴨都拿王子 1:40.00
1987 Don't Forget Me 嘉遜 向能 James Horgan 1:36.74
1988 Doyoun 史永邦 司徒德 阿加汗四世 1:41.73
1989 那時還 嘉遜 香迪奇 咸頓酋長 1:36.44
1990 提洛爾 靳能 向能 John Horgan 1:35.84
1991 奧秘 羅拔時 白禮頓 Lady Beaverbrook 1:37.83
1992 特里安盧 柏葛 卓普咸 羅拔桑士達 1:38.37
1993 沙坊力 魏德禮 費伯華 鴨都拿王子 1:35.32
1994 百利先生 韋法 張仕頓 G. R. Bailey Ltd 1:35.08
1995 百利金 查爾尼 費伯華 穆罕默德酋長 1:35.16
1996 Mark of Esteem 戴圖理 蘇萊 高多芬 1:37.59
1997 企業家 靳能 司徒德 Tabor / Magnier 1:35.64
1998 王中王 靳能 岳伯仁 Magnier / Tabor 1:39.25
1999 沙島 戴圖理 蘇萊 高多芬 1:37.14
2000 皇中王 范義龍 司徒德爵士 Saeed Suhail 1:37.77
2001 哥蘭名駒 范義龍 司徒德爵士 Lord Weinstock 1:37.48
2002 直布羅山 莫狄 岳伯仁 費格遜爵士 / Magnier 1:36.50
2003 堅毅不屈 施慕齡 衛爾德 Moyglare Stud Farm 1:37.98
2004 Haafhd 侯理察 侯爾仕 咸頓酋長 1:36.64
2005 Footstepsinthesand 范義龍 岳伯仁 Tabor / Magnier 1:36.10
2006 華盛頓 范義龍 岳伯仁 Magnier / Tabor / Smith 1:36.86
2007 Cockney Rebel 柏兆雷 Geoff Huffer Phil Cunningham 1:35.28
2008 亨利先鋒 莫狄 岳伯仁 Sue Magnier 1:39.14
2009 海都之星 靳能 岳斯 崔家亮 1:35.88
2010 馬勁飛 李慕華 杜誠高 Mathieu Offenstadt 1:36.35
2011 范高爾 祁義理 施素爾爵士 鴨都拿王子 1:37.30
2012 帝皇城堡 岳本賢 岳伯仁 Smith / Magnier / Tabor 1:42.46
2013 黎明路向 萬寧 鮑爾傑 高多芬 1:35.84
2014 雷霆夜 范義龍 向禮倫 Saeed Manana 1:36.61
2015 教堂峽谷 莫雅 岳伯仁 Smith / Magnier / Tabor 1:37.55
2016 天文金駿 戴圖理 彭曉高 Al Shaqab Racing 1:35:91
2017 邱吉爾 莫雅 岳伯仁 Smith / Magnier / Tabor 1:36:61
2018 碩信尚武 岳品賢 岳伯仁 Smith / Magnier / Tabor 1:36:55
2019 大希臘 岳品賢 岳伯仁 Smith /Mrs Magnier / Tabor / Flaxman Stables 1:36:84
2020 佳明驥 莫艾誠 包義定 Qatar Racing 1:34.72
2021 詩情綻放 萬寧 鮑爾傑 Jackie Bolger 1:35.69
2022 奪標先驅 杜俊誠 艾柏賓 高多芬 1:36.27

a 官方公布Gilles de Retz的練馬師是Charles Jerdein,因為1956年時英國賽馬會仍未准許女性持有練馬師牌照。

b 雷里耶夫雖然是首匹過終點的參賽馬,但經競賽小組研訊後被貶為最後一名。

參考來源 编辑

  1. ^ Purse Hikes For Newmarket Classics. thoroughbreddailynews. 2016-02-23 [2016-06-08]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-06). 
  2. ^ Randall, John; Morris, Tony. Horse Racing: The Records. Guinness Superlatives Ltd. 1985: 14. ISBN 0-85112-446-1.