奧費主義

奧費主義（法語：Orphisme），或稱俄耳甫斯立體主義（cubisme orphique）是一個立體派的分支，該主義受野獸派、佛洛依德和米歇爾·歐仁·謝弗勒爾等的影響，其作品內容主要為光線構成的絕對的抽象。這個術語本身則是由法國詩人紀堯姆·阿波利奈爾在1912年提出的。奧費主義是立體派藝術向抽象藝術轉折的關鍵期，其先鋒人物為法蘭提塞克·庫普卡、羅伯特·德勞內和索尼婭·德勞內。^[1]

這個術語的真正含義一直較令人費解。它來自古希臘神話中的俄耳甫斯，原因可能是因為後者被當做了理想的藝術家的典型，又是神秘主義的象征。^[2]

注釋编辑

Baron, Stanley; Damase, Jacques. Sonia Delaunay: The Life of an Artist. Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1995
Buckberrough, Sherry A. Robert Delaunay: The Discovery of Simultaneity. Ann Arbor, Michigan: UMI Research Press, 1978.
Chadwick, Whitney; de Courtivron, Isabelle. (ed) Significant Others: Creativity and Intimate partnership. London: Thames & Hudson, 1993.
Chip, Herschel B. "Orphism and Color Theory". The Art Bulletin, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 55–63, Mar 1958.
Damase, Jacque. Sonia Delaunay: Rhythms and Colours. Greenwich, Connecticut: New York Graphic Society Ltd, 1972.
Gale, Matthew. Dada and Surrealism. New York: Phaidon Press Inc., 2006
Hughes, Gordon "Envisioning Abstraction: The Simultaneity of Robert Delaunay's First Disk". The Art Bulletin, Vol. 89, No. 2, pp. 306–332, Jun 2007. The College Art Association.
MoMA. Orphism （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Seidner, David. Sonia Delaunay. BOMB Magazine, 2/Winter, ART, 1982. https://web.archive.org/web/20090903142313/http://www.bombsite.com/issues/2/articles/60
Stangoes, Nikos (ed). Concepts of Modern Art: Fauvism to Post-Modernism. Chapter: "Orphism", Virginia Spate. (Revised) London: Thames & Hudson, 1981.