奥维达
（重定向自薇達）
奥维达（Ouida /ˈwiːdə/；1839年1月1日—1908年1月25日[1]），或译薇達，原名玛利亚·露易丝·拉梅（Maria Louise Ramé，她本人倾向使用Marie Louise de la Ramée），是一名英国小说家，以笔名“奥维达”知名。她创作出像是《弗兰德斯的狗》等四十多部小说和大量的短片故事、散文。她的小说十分畅销，稿费颇丰，因此生活也十分奢靡，经常在伦敦的豪华酒店里举办沙龙，最终她的财富被她挥霍一空，去世后留下大笔的债务。
| Maria Louise Ramé | |
|---|---|
.jpg) 1867–1871年间摄 | |
| 出生 | 1839年1月1日 英格兰圣埃德蒙兹伯里 |
| 逝世 | 1908年1月25日（69歲） 意大利维亚雷焦 |
| 筆名 | Ouida |
| 職業 | 小说家 |
| 簽名 |  |
生平 编辑
奧維達出生于圣埃德蒙兹伯里[2]，她的母亲苏珊·萨顿是一个葡萄酒商之女[3]，而父亲是法国人[2][4]。其笔名来自她的中间名“Louise”[5]。
1863年，奧維達出版第一部小说《Held in Bondage》[5]。她主要在伦敦进行创作，曾在朗豪酒店举办沙龙[6]。1871年左右，奧維達移居意大利，1874年她和母亲在佛罗伦萨定居。1908年1月25日，奧維達因肺炎在维亚雷焦去世，安葬在巴尼-迪卢卡。
作品 编辑
| 年份 | 名称 | 注释 |
|---|---|---|
| 1863 | Held in Bondage | 原名《Granville de Vigne》 |
| 1865 | Strathmore | |
| 1866 | Chandos | |
| 1867 | Cecil Castlemaine's Gage | |
| 1867 | Idalia | |
| 1867 | Under Two Flags | 后被多次改编为电影 |
| 1868 | Randolph Gordon and Other Stories | |
| 1868 | Beatrice Boville and Other Stories | |
| 1869 | Tricotrin | |
| 1870 | Puck | |
| 1871 | Folle-Farine | |
| 1872 | A Leaf in the Storm, and other stories | 包括：A Leaf in the Storm, A Provance Rose, A Dog of Flanders, and A branch of Lilac |
| 1872 | 《弗兰德斯的狗》 | 多次改编为电影 |
| 1874 | Pascarel | |
| 1874 | Two Little Wooden Shoes | 也曾以《Bébée》的名字出版 |
| 1875 | Signa | |
| 1876 | In a Winter City | |
| 1877 | Ariadne | |
| 1878 | Friendship | |
| 1880 | Moths | |
| 1880 | Pipistrello and Other Stories | |
| 1881 | A Village Commune | |
| 1882 | Bimbi: Stories for Children | |
| 1882 | In Maremma | |
| 1883 | Afternoon | |
| 1883 | Frescoes: Dramatic Sketches | |
| 1883 | Wanda | |
| 1884 | Princess Napraxine | |
| 1885 | A Rainy June | |
| 1885 | Othmar | |
| 1886 | Don Guesaldo | |
| 1887 | A House Party | |
| 1889 | Guilderoy | |
| 1890 | Ruffino and Other Stories | |
| 1890 | Syrlin | |
| 1891 | Santa Barbara and Other Stories | |
| 1892 | The Tower of Taddeo | |
| 1893 | The New Priesthood: A Protest Against Vivisection | |
| 1894 | The Silver Christ | |
| 1894 | The Silver Christ and A Lemon Tree | |
| 1894 | Two Offenders and Other Tales | |
| 1895 | The Nürnberg Stove | |
| 1895 | Toxin | |
| 1895 | Views and Opinions | |
| 1896 | Le Selve and Other Tales | |
| 1897 | An Altruist | |
| 1897 | Dogs | |
| 1897 | Muriella; or, Le Selve | |
| 1897 | The Massarenes | |
| 1899 | La Strega and Other Stories | |
| 1900 | Critical Studies | |
| 1900 | The Waters of Edera | |
| 1901 | Street Dust and Other Stories | |
| 1908 | Helianthus | |
| 1910 | Moufflou and other stories |
参考文献 编辑
- ^ Encyclopedia, Britannica. Ouida.. [15 January 2008]. （原始内容存档于2008-05-15）.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 "Maria Louise Rame" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, birth record, Bury St. Edmunds, FreeBMD, accessed 14 September 2019. Note: Does not include any information about parents.
- ^ Schroeder, Natalie, and Shari Hodges Holt (2008). Ouida the Phenomenon: Evolving Social, Political, and Gender Concerns in her Fiction. Newark: University of Delaware Press. p. 14. ISBN 9780874130331.
- ^ The New York Times （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, 29 January 1908. Note: Ouida was identified as the sister of the US Civil War officer, Col. George Roy Gliddoth. She was said to have "left her home in America at a tender age under the care of a woman who adopted her as her daughter." Another article about her supposed Gliddoth family was reported in Publishers Weekly at the same time.
- ^ 5.0 5.1 Cosmopolis History of The Langham. [20 October 2010].
- ^ Ouida. Guide to The Langham Hotel. langhamhotels.com. [20 October 2010]. （原始内容存档于2009-05-03）.
- Ouida and Victorian Popular Culture （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (1st Edition), Andrew King (Edited by Jane Jordan), pub. Routledge
外部链接 编辑
| 维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：奥维达 |
- Ouida的作品 - 古騰堡計劃
- 互联网档案馆中奥维达的作品或与之相关的作品
來自奥维达的LibriVox公共領域有聲讀物- Works by Ouida （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） at The Victorian Women Writers Project
- 与奥维达相关的档案. 英国国家档案馆.
- Book description of In Maremma (1882) at Valancourt Books
- Charles Warren Stoddard, "Ouida in Her Winter City", National Magazine, March 1905, p. 653, with photos, at OpenBooks
- Willis J. Abbot: Notable women in history : the lives of women who in all ages, all lands and in all womanly occupations have won fame and put their imprint on the world's history (1913), p. 407–410.
- Ouida Similes （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Bartleby
