维基百科

Help:斯洛文尼亚语国际音标

下列图表展示了國際音標（IPA）在维基百科条目中表示斯洛文尼亚语发音的方式。对于有关在维基百科条目中添加IPA字符的指南，请参见{{IPA}}与Wikipedia:格式手册/音标 § Notes.

请参阅斯洛文尼亚语音系（英语：Slovene phonology）以更全面地了解斯洛文尼亚语的发音。

辅音
IPA 示例 英语或其他语言
中的近似发音
b bob bob
d dan done
dz brivec brije[1] heads
dʒ džez George
f film film
ɡ gora gore
ɣ vrh drevesa[1] 西班牙语 rasgo
j jaz[2] yaw
k kolo, brlog cola
l luka[2] Luke
m morje, Istanbul[3] more
ɱ simfonija, informacija[3] comfort
n ne[3][2] no
ŋ banka[3] bank
p pet, bob pet
ɾ robot 美式英语 atom
s stol, džez stole
ʃ šum shell
t ti, pred tattoo
ts car shorts
tʃ čaj church
v filozof Dolar[1] van
ʋ voda
w cerkev[4] we
ʍ vsi[4] white (无whine-wine合并) 或 twice
x harfa 蘇格蘭英語 loch
z zima zoo
ʒ žaba fusion
元音与聲調组合[5]
低调元音
IPA 重读正写法 音调正写法[6][7] 示例 英语中的近似发音
àː á danes father
ɛ̀ː ê é zemlja 英式英语 square
èː é ẹ́ cerkev late
ə̀ è ə̀ sem (重读) about
ə̀ɾ ŕ vrba furry (但是颤音)
ìː í hiša least
ɔ̀ː ô ó poten dog
òː ó ọ́ erotičen story
ùː ú truplo cool
高调元音
á à ȁ brat cat
áː á ȃ grad father
ɛ́ è ȅ met let
ɛ́ː ê ȇ adverb 英式英语 square
éː é ẹ̑ kreda late
ə́ è ə̏ pes about
ə́ɾ ŕ ȓ tržnica 美式英语 verb (但是颤音)
í ì ȉ bik list
íː í ȋ list least
ɔ́ ò ȍ on off
ɔ́ː ô ȏ alkova dog
óː ó ọ̑ pot story
ú ù ȕ kruh foot
úː ú ȗ romunščina cool
ý ǜ ü̏ Türk[8] 近似 cute
非重读元音
a a žena cat
ɛ e e medved let
ə ə danes about
əɾ er, r ər, r koder, potrditi furry (但是颤音)
i i biti list
ɔ o potok lot
u u mamut foot
重读[7]
IPA 重读正写法 音调正写法 示例 解释
ˈ 不适用 [ˈsə̀m] 主重音

注释

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 [dz, ɣ, v] are allophones of /ts, x, f/ that occur before voiced consonants (Herrity (2000:16頁)).
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Orthographic sequences ⟨lj, nj, rj⟩ are pronounced /lj, nj, rj/ only if a vowel follows; otherwise, the /j/ is not pronounced. For ⟨rj⟩, it is reflected in the orthography, but for ⟨lj, nj⟩ it is not.
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Nasals always assimilate their place of articulation to that of the following consonant. Before velar consonants they are [ŋ], and before labial consonants they are [m]; the labiodental [ɱ] appears before /f/ and /ʋ/. Orthographic ⟨n⟩ before ⟨p⟩ and ⟨b⟩ is rare and is confined mostly to loanwords.
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Standard Slovene features three allophones of /v/ (the latter two sometimes also occurring for /l/): before vowels, it is [ʋ], after a vowel it is [w], and between a syllable boundary and a voiceless consonant, it is [ʍ] (Šuštaršič, Komar & Petek (1999:136頁)).
  5. ^ Some scholars have found that vowel length in Standard Slovene is no longer distinctive, (Šuštaršič, Komar & Petek (1999:136頁), Tatjana Srebot-Rejec. On the vowel system in present-day Slovene (PDF). , Srebot-Rejec (1988)) and the only differences in vowel length are that the stressed vowels are longer than the unstressed ones,(Tatjana Srebot-Rejec. On the vowel system in present-day Slovene (PDF). , Šuštaršič, Komar & Petek (1999:137頁)) with stressed open syllables longer than stressed closed syllables (Tatjana Srebot-Rejec. On the vowel system in present-day Slovene (PDF). ).
  6. ^ Tonic marks are not part of the orthography but are found in dictionaries such as Slovenski pravopis 2001.  Tone marks can also be found on ⟨r⟩, which signifies the sequence /ər/.
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Wherever possible, one should transcribe Slovene with both tonic and stress marks. If the correct tones are unknown, it is acceptable to put only a stress-based transcription.[problem]
  8. ^ /ý/ appears only in loanwords and is often replaced by /í/.

书目

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参见

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