维基百科

Help:波蘭語國際音標

下表为波兰语国际音标（IPA）在维基百科中的表示方式。

所有浊辅音（/b, d, ɡ, v, z, ʐ, ʑ, dʐ, dʑ/）在词尾会被清化（/p, t, k, f, s, x, ʂ, ɕ, tʂ, tɕ/）. Voiceless obstruents are voiced (/x/ becoming [ɣ], etc.) in clusters ending in any voiced obstruent except /v, ʐ/, which are then themselves devoiced.

要了解更多有关波兰语语音的信息，参看波兰语语音学.

辅音
IPA 波兰语拼写 例词 英语近似发音
b b bardzo bike
ɕ ś, s(i)[1] Jaś she
d d dawno door
dz[2] dz dzban beds
dʑ[2] dź, dz(i)[1] dziadek jeep[3]
dʐ [2] dż Dżakarta jug[3]
f f foka feist
ɡ g grać girl
ɡʲ g(i)[1] Gienek argue
ɣ ch, h niechby 大致像go，但沒有完全阻止g的氣流
j j, i[1] jak yes
k k krowa scam
kʲ k(i)[1] kierowca skew
l l lampa lion
m m[4] morze mile
n n[4] nad Nile
ɲ ń, n(i)[4][1] nie canyon
ŋ[5] n[4] bank bank
p p policja spike
r r różowy trilled r like Italian Roma
s s smak sign
ʂ sz szybko shore[3]
t t tak stow
tɕ[2] ć, c(i)[1] cierpki cheer[3]
ts[2] c całkiem cats
tʂ[2] cz czy child[3]
v w wartość vile
w[6] ł ładny way
x ch, h chleb (Scottish) loch
xʲ h(i)[1] hiacynt huge
z z zebra zebra
ʑ ź, z(i)[1] ziarno vision, azure[3]
ʐ ż, rz rzadko
元音
IPA 波兰语拼写 
 例词 英语近似发音
a a tam art
ɛ e dżem bet
ɛ̃ ę[4] kęs length
i i[1] piwo eat
ɨ y my roses
ɔ o rok rock
ɔ̃ ą[4] wąs wrong
u u, ó duży boot
其他標識
IPA 解釋
ˈ 主重音（置於重音節前），通常是一個單詞的倒數第二個音節。
ˌ 次重音（置於次重音節前）
. 音節間的間隔。

另见编辑

注释编辑

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 The letter ‹i›, when it is followed by a vowel, represents a pronunciation like a ‹j› or a "soft" pronunciation of the preceding consonant (so pies is pronounced as if it were spelt ‹pjes›).
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Affricates such as /ts/ and /dʐ/) are correctly written with tie-bars: /t͡s/, /d͡ʐ/.
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Polish makes contrasts between retroflex and alveolo-palatal consonants, both of which sound like the English postalveolars /ʃ, ʒ, tʃ, dʒ/.
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 The letters ‹ą› and ‹ę› represent the nasal vowels /ɔ̃, ɛ̃/ except when they are followed by a stop or affricate, when they represent oral vowels /ɔ, ɛ/ followed by a nasal consonant homorganic with the following stop or affricate: kąt [ˈkɔnt], gęba [ˈɡɛmba], ręka [ˈrɛŋka], piszący [piˈʂɔnt͡sɨ], pieniądze [pjɛˈɲɔnd͡zɛ], pięć [ˈpjɛɲt͡ɕ], jęczy [ˈjɛnt͡ʂɨ ].
  5. ^ /n/的同位異音（在/ɡ, k, x/等软腭音前）。
  6. ^ 傳統的發音[ɫ]仍然在少數發言者中發現。

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