 | 這頁是維基百科的波蘭語國際音標發音指南。 | |
下表为波兰语国际音标(IPA)在维基百科中的表示方式。
所有浊辅音(/b, d, ɡ, v, z, ʐ, ʑ, dʐ, dʑ/)在词尾会被清化(/p, t, k, f, s, x, ʂ, ɕ, tʂ, tɕ/). Voiceless obstruents are voiced (/x/ becoming [ɣ], etc.) in clusters ending in any voiced obstruent except /v, ʐ/, which are then themselves devoiced.
要了解更多有关波兰语语音的信息,参看波兰语语音学.
辅音
|
|
IPA
|
波兰语拼写
|
例词
|
英语近似发音
|
華語近似發音
|
b
|
b
|
bardzo
|
bike
|
|
ɕ
|
ś, s(i)[1]
|
Jaśⓘ
|
she
|
悉
|
d
|
d
|
dawno
|
door
|
|
dz[2]
|
dz
|
dzban
|
beds
|
茲
|
dʑ[2]
|
dź, dz(i)[1]
|
dziadek
|
jeep[3]
|
積
|
dʐ [2]
|
dż
|
Dżakarta
|
jug[3]
|
知
|
f
|
f
|
foka
|
feist
|
發
|
ɡ
|
g
|
grać
|
girl
|
|
ɡʲ
|
g(i)[1]
|
Gienek
|
argue
|
|
ɣ
|
ch, h
|
niechby
|
大致像go,但沒有完全阻止g的氣流
|
|
j
|
j, i[1]
|
jakⓘ
|
yes
|
以
|
k
|
k
|
krowa
|
scam
|
果
|
kʲ
|
k(i)[1]
|
kierowca
|
skew
|
|
l
|
l
|
lampa
|
lion
|
|
m
|
m[4]
|
morze
|
mile
|
馬
|
n
|
n[4]
|
nad
|
Nile
|
那
|
ɲ
|
ń, n(i)[4][1]
|
nie
|
canyon
|
|
ŋ[5]
|
n[4]
|
bank
|
bank
|
|
p
|
p
|
policja
|
spike
|
波
|
r
|
r
|
różowy
|
trilled r like Italian Roma
|
|
s
|
s
|
smak
|
sign
|
私
|
ʂ
|
sz
|
szybkoⓘ
|
shore[3]
|
師
|
t
|
t
|
tak
|
stow
|
打
|
tɕ[2]
|
ć, c(i)[1]
|
cierpkiⓘ
|
cheer[3]
|
七
|
ts[2]
|
c
|
całkiemⓘ
|
cats
|
雌
|
tʂ[2]
|
cz
|
czyⓘ
|
child[3]
|
持
|
v
|
w
|
wartość
|
vile
|
|
w[6]
|
ł
|
ładnyⓘ
|
way
|
瓦
|
x
|
ch, h
|
chlebⓘ
|
(Scottish) loch
|
河
|
xʲ
|
h(i)[1]
|
hiacynt
|
huge
|
|
z
|
z
|
zebra
|
zebra
|
|
ʑ
|
ź, z(i)[1]
|
ziarnoⓘ
|
vision, azure[3]
|
闽南语 日 / jit
|
ʐ
|
ż, rz
|
rzadkoⓘ
|
日
|
|
元音
|
IPA
|
波兰语拼写
|
例词
|
英语近似发音
|
a
|
a
|
tam
|
art
|
ɛ
|
e
|
dżem
|
bet
|
ɛ̃
|
ę[4]
|
kęs
|
length
|
i
|
i[1]
|
piwo
|
eat
|
ɨ
|
y
|
my
|
roses
|
ɔ
|
o
|
rok
|
rock
|
ɔ̃
|
ą[4]
|
wąs
|
wrong
|
u
|
u, ó
|
duży
|
boot
|
其他標識
|
IPA
|
解釋
|
ˈ
|
主重音(置於重音節前),通常是一個單詞的倒數第二個音節。
|
ˌ
|
次重音(置於次重音節前)
|
.
|
音節間的間隔。
|
|
- ^ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 The letter ‹i›, when it is followed by a vowel, represents a pronunciation like a ‹j› or a "soft" pronunciation of the preceding consonant (so pies is pronounced as if it were spelt ‹pjes›).
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Affricates such as /ts/ and /dʐ/) are correctly written with tie-bars: /t͡s/, /d͡ʐ/.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Polish makes contrasts between retroflex and alveolo-palatal consonants, both of which sound like the English postalveolars /ʃ, ʒ, tʃ, dʒ/.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 The letters ‹ą› and ‹ę› represent the nasal vowels /ɔ̃, ɛ̃/ except when they are followed by a stop or affricate, when they represent oral vowels /ɔ, ɛ/ followed by a nasal consonant homorganic with the following stop or affricate: kąt [ˈkɔnt], gęba [ˈɡɛmba], ręka [ˈrɛŋka], piszący [piˈʂɔnt͡sɨ], pieniądze [pjɛˈɲɔnd͡zɛ], pięć [ˈpjɛɲt͡ɕ], jęczy [ˈjɛnt͡ʂɨ
].
- ^ /n/的同位異音(在/ɡ, k, x/等软腭音前)。
- ^ 傳統的發音[ɫ]仍然在少數發言者中發現。