奥费主义

奥费主义（法语：Orphisme），或称俄耳甫斯立体主义（cubisme orphique）是一个立体派的分支，该主义受野兽派、佛洛依德和米歇尔·欧仁·谢弗勒尔等的影响，其作品内容主要为光线构成的绝对的抽象。这个术语本身则是由法国诗人纪尧姆·阿波利奈尔在1912年提出的。奥费主义是立体派艺术向抽象艺术转折的关键期，其先锋人物为法兰提塞克·库普卡、罗伯特·德劳内和索尼娅·德劳内。^[1]

这个术语的真正含义一直较令人费解。它来自古希腊神话中的俄耳甫斯，原因可能是因为后者被当做了理想的艺术家的典型，又是神秘主义的象征。^[2]

注释编辑

Baron, Stanley; Damase, Jacques. Sonia Delaunay: The Life of an Artist. Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1995
Buckberrough, Sherry A. Robert Delaunay: The Discovery of Simultaneity. Ann Arbor, Michigan: UMI Research Press, 1978.
Chadwick, Whitney; de Courtivron, Isabelle. (ed) Significant Others: Creativity and Intimate partnership. London: Thames & Hudson, 1993.
Chip, Herschel B. "Orphism and Color Theory". The Art Bulletin, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 55–63, Mar 1958.
Damase, Jacque. Sonia Delaunay: Rhythms and Colours. Greenwich, Connecticut: New York Graphic Society Ltd, 1972.
Gale, Matthew. Dada and Surrealism. New York: Phaidon Press Inc., 2006
Hughes, Gordon "Envisioning Abstraction: The Simultaneity of Robert Delaunay's First Disk". The Art Bulletin, Vol. 89, No. 2, pp. 306–332, Jun 2007. The College Art Association.
MoMA. Orphism （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Seidner, David. Sonia Delaunay. BOMB Magazine, 2/Winter, ART, 1982. https://web.archive.org/web/20090903142313/http://www.bombsite.com/issues/2/articles/60
Stangoes, Nikos (ed). Concepts of Modern Art: Fauvism to Post-Modernism. Chapter: "Orphism", Virginia Spate. (Revised) London: Thames & Hudson, 1981.