阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦和平獎
阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦和平獎(英語:Albert Einstein Peace Prize)設立於1980年,是由阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦和平獎基金會每年頒發一次的和平獎項,主要獎勵對核裁軍運動做出貢獻者。 該基金會成立於1979年,即阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦誕辰一百周年,並喚起了人們對敦促核裁軍的羅素–愛因斯坦宣言的關注。在愛因斯坦的地產受託人的贊助下[1],威廉·M·施瓦茨(1912-1987)成立了阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦和平獎基金會,後者是一個富有的商人,也是活動家阿龍·施瓦茨的祖父。[2][3][4][5] 威廉·M·施瓦茨曾參與帕格沃什會議科學和世界事務會議,他建立基金會來作為對帕格沃什會議的支持。本獎項的獎勵為50,000美元。
1992年以後,未持續頒發。
獲獎者
編輯年份 | 獲獎者 | 註釋 | 參考資料 |
---|---|---|---|
1980 | 阿爾瓦·默達爾 | 為她直言不諱地強調大國為控制其核競爭而採取行動,並為實現1963年部分禁止核試驗條約,1969年核不擴散條約,以及禁止部署 海底和太空的核武器作出重大貢獻。 | [6][7] |
1981 | 喬治·凱南 | 為他減少美蘇之間和整個世界之間的緊張關係的持續努力 | [8][9][10] |
1982 | McGeorge Bundy, 羅伯特·麥克納馬拉, 傑拉德·C·史密斯 | 為他們反對一次打擊 | [11][12][13] |
1983 | 約瑟夫·伯納丁 | 為他起草了美國主教要求籤署新的武器協議的牧函 | [14] |
1984 | 皮埃爾·特魯多 |
[15] | |
1985 | 維利·勃蘭特 | [16] | |
1986 | 奧洛夫·帕爾梅 | 追授,獎勵「為了和平的廣泛努力」 | [17] |
1988 | 安德烈·德米特里耶維奇·薩哈羅夫 | [18] | |
1990 | 米哈伊爾·謝爾蓋耶維奇·戈爾巴喬夫 | [19] | |
1992 | 約瑟夫·羅特布拉特 和 漢斯·貝特 | 在標誌着芝加哥1號堆建立五十周年的大會上授予 | [20][21] |
參見
編輯參考資料
編輯- ^ Cousins, Norman. Letter from the Albert Einstein Peace Prize Foundation to Joshua Lederberg (PDF). The Joshua Lederberg Papers. United States National Library of Medicine. 14 December 1979 [11 January 2016]. (原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2017-02-03).
- ^ Guy, Sandra. Aaron Swartz was ‘killed by government,’ father says at funeral. Sun-Times. 15 January 2013 [10 January 2016]. (原始內容存檔於18 January 2013).
- ^ Heise, Kenan. William Swartz, Peace Agency Founder. Chicago Tribune. November 13, 1987 [10 January 2016]. (原始內容存檔於2016-03-04).
- ^ William M. Swartz, 1912–1987. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists (Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, Inc.). January–February 1988: 42 [10 January 2016].
- ^ Yang, Wesley. The Life and Afterlife of Aaron Swartz. New York magazine. February 8, 2013 [2018-02-07]. (原始內容存檔於2019-06-02).
- ^ "NAMES & FACES (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)" in Boston Globe March 14, 1980. Retrieved June 6, 2006.
- ^ Recipient of the first Albert Einstein Peace Prize of $50,000 is...Alva Myrdal for her service to her country and to the world. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists (Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, Inc.). May 1980: 7 [11 January 2016].
- ^ Krebs, Albin and Thomas, Robert McG.: "NOTES ON PEOPLE; Kennan Wins Peace Prize (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)" in New York Times March 17, 1981. Retrieved June 6, 2006.
- ^ Recipient of the second Albert Einstein Peace Prize. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists (Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, Inc.). May 1981: 7 [11 January 2016].
- ^ Burns, Richard Dean; Siracusa, Joseph M. A Global History of the Nuclear Arms Race: Weapons, Strategy, and Politics. ABC-CLIO. 2013-04-23: 566 [11 January 2016]. ISBN 9781440800955.
- ^ William Swartz; 1912–1987. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. June 1988, 5: 2.
- ^ Briefing: How High Is High?. The New York Times. October 2, 1982 [11 January 2016]. (原始內容存檔於2019-06-10).
- ^ McNamara Urges Shift In U.S. Atomic Strategy. New York Times. October 8, 1982 [11 January 2016]. (原始內容存檔於2019-06-09).
- ^ Bernardin, Joseph. Pacem in terris: twenty years later. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. February 1984: 11.
- ^ Whitaker, Reg: "Pierre Elliot Trudeau (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)" in The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved June 6, 2006.
- ^ Clarity, James F. and Weaver Jr., Warren: "Brandt Packs His Bags (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館)" in New York Times October 4, 1985. Retrieved June 6, 2006.
- ^ Palme honoured. Ottawa Citizen. September 30, 1986: A10 [10 January 2016]. (原始內容存檔於2016-04-29).
- ^ Rhéaume, Charles. Echoing Citizen Einstein in the East: Andrei Sakharov. Conference Proceedings. American Institute of Physics. 18–22 July 2005 [13 August 2012]. (原始內容存檔於2013-02-23).
- ^ ROSENTHAL, ANDREW. Summit in Washington; Bush and Gorbachev sign major accords on missiles, chemical weapons and trade. The New York Times. June 2, 1990 [10 January 2016]. (原始內容存檔於2022-01-13).
In the afternoon, Mr. Gorbachev received ... the award of the Albert Einstein Peace Prize Foundation.
- ^ Pugwash Online (頁面存檔備份,存於互聯網檔案館). Retrieved June 6, 2006.
- ^ Einstein Peace Prize Award. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists (Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, Inc.). December 1992: 5 [11 January 2016].