維基百科

鴞鸚鵡科

鳥綱鸚鵡目下的一個科

鴞面鸚鵡科（學名：Strigopidae）是鳥綱鸚鵡目的一個科，現存2屬3種，根據世界鳥類學家聯合會的分類，本科是鴞面鸚鵡總科的唯一一科。包含鴞面鸚鵡屬的鴞面鸚鵡及啄羊鸚鵡屬的啄羊鸚鵡和白頂啄羊鸚鵡共三種。[1]已滅絕的屬Nelepsittacus也屬於本科，與啄羊鸚鵡屬近緣，[2][3]已滅絕的大力神鸚鵡屬分類地位有爭議，可能也是本科的成員。[4]所有現存物種均為新西蘭特有物種。[5]

鴞面鸚鵡科
化石時期：早中新世至今
白頂啄羊鸚鵡北島亞種
(Nestor meridionalis septentrionalis)
攝於新西蘭奧克蘭動物園
科學分類 編輯
界： 動物界 Animalia
門： 脊索動物門 Chordata
綱： 鳥綱 Aves
目： 鸚形目 Psittaciformes
總科： 鴞鸚鵡總科 Strigopoidea
Bonaparte, 1849
科： 鴞鸚鵡科 Strigopidae
Bonaparte, 1849
模式屬
Strigops
鴞鸚鵡屬
屬
異名
  • Nestoridae Bonaparte, 1849

查塔姆啄羊鸚鵡和諾福克啄羊鸚鵡在現代滅絕，[6][7]而Nelepsittacus則在1600萬年前就已經滅絕。[8][9]現存的全部3個物種都有種群下降甚至絕滅之虞。[10][11][12]人類活動——包括入侵物種的引入和棲息地喪失等是它們滅絕及受威脅的主要原因。[13][14][15]

本科與近緣類群在大約8200萬年前，新西蘭與岡瓦納古陸分離時分開，鴞面鸚鵡屬與啄羊鸚鵡屬的祖先在6000到8000萬年前分道揚鑣。[16][17]

參考資料 編輯

  1. ^ International Ornithologists' Union. IOC World Bird List 12.2 (Multilingual Version). doi:10.14344/ioc.ml.12.2 （英語）. [失效連結]
  2. ^ Christidis L, Boles WE. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds . Canberra: CSIRO Publishing. 2008: 200. ISBN 978-0-643-06511-6. 
  3. ^ Worthy, Trevor H.; Tennyson, Alan J. D.; Scofield, R. Paul. An early Miocene diversity of parrots (Aves, Strigopidae, Nestorinae) from New Zealand. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2011, 31 (5): 1102–16. S2CID 86361015. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.595857. 
  4. ^ Worthy, Trevor H.; Hand, Suzanne J.; Archer, Michael; Schofield, R. Paul; De Pietri, Vanesa L. Evidence for a giant parrot from the early Miocene of New Zealand. Biology Letters. 2019, 15 (8): 20190467. PMC 6731479  . PMID 31387471. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2019.0467  . 
  5. ^ Forshaw, Joseph Michael. Vanished and vanishing parrots : profiling extinct and endangered species. Collingwood: CSIRO Publishing. 2017: 19 [17 September 2022]. ISBN 978-1501704697. 
  6. ^ Millener, P. R. The history of the Chatham Islands' bird fauna of the last 7000 years – a chronicle of change and extinction. Proceedings of the 4th International meeting of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution (Washington, D.C., June 1996).. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology. 1999, 89: 85–109 [2022-10-30]. （原始內容存檔於2013-10-23）. 
  7. ^ BirdLife International. Nestor productus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016, 2016: e.T22684834A93049105 [12 November 2021]. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22684834A93049105.en  . 
  8. ^ Worthy, Trevor H.; Tennyson, Alan J. D.; Scofield, R. Paul. An early Miocene diversity of parrots (Aves, Strigopidae, Nestorinae) from New Zealand. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 2011, 31 (5): 1102–16. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.595857. 
  9. ^ Leo Joseph, Alicia Toon, Erin E. Schirtzinger, Timothy F. Wright & Richard Schodde. (2012) A revised nomenclature and classification for family-group taxa of parrots (Psittaciformes). Zootaxa 3205: 26–40
  10. ^ BirdLife International. Strigops habroptila. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018, 2018: e.T22685245A129751169 [12 November 2021]. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22685245A129751169.en  .  Database entry includes a range map and justification for why this species is endangered,
  11. ^ BirdLife International. Nestor meridionalis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016, 2016: e.T22684840A93049267 [12 November 2021]. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22684840A93049267.en  .  Database entry includes a range map and justification for why this species is endangered.
  12. ^ BirdLife International. Nestor notabilis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017, 2017: e.T22684831A119243358 [12 November 2021]. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T22684831A119243358.en  .  Database entry includes a range map and justification for why this species is endangered.
  13. ^ Threats to Kākāpō. Department of Conservation Te Papa Atawbai. [2008-12-31]. （原始內容存檔於2009-04-04）. 
  14. ^ Threats to Kākā. Department of Conservation Te Papa Atawbai. [2008-12-31]. （原始內容存檔於2008-12-31）. 
  15. ^ Threats to Kea. Department of Conservation Te Papa Atawbai. [2008-12-31]. （原始內容存檔於2009-10-03）. 
  16. ^ Wright, T.F.; Schirtzinger E. E.; Matsumoto T.; Eberhard J. R.; Graves G. R.; Sanchez J. J.; Capelli S.; Muller H.; Scharpegge J.; Chambers G. K.; Fleischer R. C. A Multilocus Molecular Phylogeny of the Parrots (Psittaciformes): Support for a Gondwanan Origin during the Cretaceous. Mol Biol Evol. 2008, 25 (10): 2141–2156. PMC 2727385  . PMID 18653733. doi:10.1093/molbev/msn160. 
  17. ^ Grant-Mackie, E.J.; J.A. Grant-Mackie; W.M. Boon; G.K. Chambers. Evolution of New Zealand Parrots. NZ Science Teacher. 2003, 103. 
取自「https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=鸮面鹦鹉科&oldid=79487016」