前扣帶皮層(英文:Anterior cingulate cortex),在人腦中,是大腦扣帶皮層的前部,包圍了胼胝體的前部[1]。前扣帶皮層屬於布羅德曼分區系統第24、25、32、33分區[1]。前扣帶皮層參與了許多腦部的高階功能,包括注意力分配[2]、獎勵、決策[3]道德倫理[4]、衝動控制(譬如錯誤檢測與糾正[5]、情感[6][7]等。

前扣帶皮層
前扣帶皮層(黃色標記處)
前扣帶皮層位於布羅德曼分區系統第24、32、33分區
標識字符
拉丁文Cortex cingularis anterior
NeuroNames英語NeuroNames161
NeuroLex英語NeuroLex IDbirnlex_936
神經解剖學術語英語Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy

結構 編輯

在解剖學上,前扣帶皮層位於後扣帶皮層前部,可分為背部(認知區)、前部(情感區)[8]。背部常被稱為「中扣帶皮層(midcingulate cortex)」,與前額葉皮質頂葉運動系統等區域相連,使其成為「自上而下和自下而上刺激」的核心站[1][9]。前部則與杏仁核伏隔核下視丘視丘、前島葉等相連,參與評估情感顯化和激勵性信息[9]

特別的是,前扣帶皮層含有紡錘體神經元(僅在人類及其它靈長類動物大象鯨豚類動物上發現),與腦部處理困難問題的功能有關[10][11]

功能 編輯

許多研究認為,前扣帶皮層參與了錯誤檢測與糾正、任務預期、激勵、注意力、情感調控等功能[2][3][4][5][6][7]。在壓力環境下,前扣帶皮層可能還參與調節自主神經系統,譬如調節血壓和心率[12]

臨床 編輯

前扣帶皮層異常可能與強迫症、情緒不穩、無法認知錯誤、無動性緘默症英語Akinetic mutism社交焦慮等病症有關[8][13][14]

圖像 編輯

參見 編輯

參考資料 編輯

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  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Pardo JV, Pardo PJ, Janer KW, Raichle ME. The anterior cingulate cortex mediates processing selection in the Stroop attentional conflict paradigm. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. January 1990, 87 (1): 256–9. Bibcode:1990PNAS...87..256P. PMC 53241 . PMID 2296583. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.1.256. 
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  10. ^ Brain Cells for Socializing. Smithsonian Magazine. [2021-04-04]. (原始內容存檔於2021-03-23) (英語). 
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