古典阿拉伯語(العربية التراثية或العربية القرآنية),是指伍麦叶王朝到阿拔斯王朝(公元7至9世紀)的用於書面的阿拉伯語。現代標準阿拉伯語是其直系後代,在當今世界用於書面及正式講話,比如經準備的演講、廣播、非娛樂內容。[1]現代標準阿拉伯語的詞彙和文體不同於古典阿拉伯語,然而詞法和句法卻基本沒變(儘管現代標準阿拉伯語並未使用古典阿拉伯語的所有句法)。[2]阿拉伯語的各種口語卻變化巨大。[3]在阿拉伯世界,人們通常不區分「古典阿拉伯語」和「現代標準阿拉伯語」,兩者都叫الفصحى,意為「最清楚、流利的(阿拉伯語)」。
因為古蘭經使用古典阿拉伯語書寫的,所以很多穆斯林認為這種語言是神聖的。[4]不管穆斯林們日常生活中使用什麼語言,在做禮拜時通常會使用古典阿拉伯語(除了凱末爾時代強制使用土耳其语)。
- ^ Bin-Muqbil, Musaed (2006). Phonetic and Phonological Aspects of Arabic Emphatics and Gutturals. University of Wisconsin–Madison
- ^ Bin-Muqbil, Musaed (2006). Phonetic and Phonological Aspects of Arabic Emphatics and Gutturals. University of Wisconsin–Madison
- ^ Watson, Janet (2002). The Phonology and Morphology of Arabic. New York: Oxford University Press
- ^ "Arabic Language (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)," Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2009. "Classical Arabic, which has many archaic words, is the sacred language of Islam...". 2009-10-31.
- Bin-Muqbil, Musaed. Phonetic and Phonological Aspects of Arabic Emphatics and Gutturals. University of Wisconsin–Madison. 2006.
- Holes, Clive (2004) Modern Arabic: Structures, Functions, and Varieties Georgetown University Press. ISBN 1-58901-022-1
- Versteegh, Kees (2001) The Arabic Language Edinburgh University Press ISBN 0-7486-1436-2 (Ch.5 available in link below)
- Watson, Janet. The Phonology and Morphology of Arabic. New York: Oxford University Press. 2002.
- Bin Radhan, Neil. Die Wissenschaft des Tadschwīd.