磷酸亚铁

化合物

磷酸亚铁磷酸盐,化学式Fe3(PO4)2。它在自然界中以蓝铁矿形式存在[7],可用作肥料[8]

磷酸亚铁
IUPAC名
Iron(II) phosphate
别名 磷酸铁(II)
识别
CAS号 14940-41-1  checkY
PubChem 9863567
ChemSpider 8039263
SMILES
 
  • [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2]
性质
化学式 Fe3O8P2
摩尔质量 357.48 g·mol−1
外观 无色固体[1]
蓝灰色晶体(八水)[2]
密度 3.94 g/cm3[3]
2.58 g/cm3(八水合物)[4]
熔点 180 °C(453 K)((八水合物)分解[6]
溶解性 不溶(八水)[5]
溶解性 不溶于乙醇,可溶于酸(八水)[5]
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

制备

编辑

磷酸亚铁可以由硫酸亚铁磷酸钠溶液反应而成:[1]

3 FeSO4 + 2 Na3PO4 → Fe3(PO4)2↓ + 3 Na2SO4

磷酸和铁直接反应只会得到Fe(H2PO4)2·2H2O[1]。无水磷酸亚铁可以由硝酸铁磷酸二氢铵反应,然后加热产生的棕色物质而成。[7]

物理性质

编辑

无水磷酸亚铁呈单斜晶系,空间群P21/c (No. 14)。[3]其四水合物和八水合物的晶体结构也是单斜晶系,空间群分别为P21/a (No. 14)和C2/m (No. 12)。[9][10][11]

刚沉淀产生的八水合磷酸亚铁是蓝灰色固体,在空气氧化下转变成靛蓝色。对其进一步氧化会破坏其晶体结构,产生黄棕色的无定形体。[8]

化学性质

编辑
 
 
 
  • 水合物加热分解:
 

磷酸亚铁可以和N2H4形成各种配合物,如深绿色的Fe3(PO4)2·3N2H4·5H2O[12]、白色的Fe3(PO4)2·6N2H4·2.75H2O、[13]浅绿色的Fe3(PO4)2·6N2H4·8H2O[14]以及白色的Fe3(PO4)2·7N2H4·nH2O。[12]它们都会爆炸。

参见

编辑

参考

编辑
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Eisenphosphate Lexikon der Chemie. [2022-11-22]. (原始内容存档于2022-11-22). 
  2. ^ CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 95 ed. CRC Press, 2014
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Kostiner, E.; Rea, J. R. Crystal structure of ferrous phosphate, Fe3(PO4)2. Inorganic Chemistry (American Chemical Society (ACS)). 1974, 13 (12): 2876–2880. ISSN 0020-1669. doi:10.1021/ic50142a021. 
  4. ^ Jan D'Ans; Ellen Lax; Blachnik, Roger. Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker : Band III: Elemente, anorganische Verbindungen und Materialien, Minerale. Berlin, Heidelberg. 2013: 458. ISBN 978-3-642-58842-6. OCLC 913685219 (德语). 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Hunnius, Curt; Burger, Artur. Hunnius pharmazeutisches Wörterbuch. Berlin. 2020: 469. ISBN 978-3-11-086901-9. OCLC 1138499573 (德语). 
  6. ^ iron(II) phosphate octahydrate. chemister.ru. [2 July 2014]. (原始内容存档于2014-05-03). 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Warner, Joanne K.; Cheetham, Anthony K.; Nord, Anders G.; Von Dreele, Robert B.; Yethiraj, Mohana. Magnetic structure of iron(II) phosphate, sarcopside, Fe3(PO4)2. Journal of Materials Chemistry (Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)). 1992, 2 (2): 191. ISSN 0959-9428. doi:10.1039/jm9920200191. 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 Eynard, A.; Campillo, M. C.; Barrón, V.; Torrent, J. Use of vivianite (Fe3(PO4)2.8H2O) to prevent iron chlorosis in calcareous soils. Fertilizer Research (Springer Science and Business Media LLC). 1992, 31 (1): 61–67. ISSN 0167-1731. doi:10.1007/bf01064228. 
  9. ^ Abrahams, S. C.; Bernstein, J. L. Crystal Structure of Paramagnetic Ludlamite, Fe3(PO4)2·4H2O, at 298°K. The Journal of Chemical Physics (AIP Publishing). 1966-03-15, 44 (6): 2223–2229. ISSN 0021-9606. doi:10.1063/1.1727026. 
  10. ^ Meijer, H.C.; Van den Handel, J.; Frikkee, E. Magnetic behaviour of vivianite, Fe3(PO4)2.8H2O. Physica (Elsevier BV). 1967, 34 (3): 475–483. ISSN 0031-8914. doi:10.1016/0031-8914(67)90015-8. 
  11. ^ Bartl, H. Water of crystallization and its hydrogen-bonded crosslinking in vivianite Fe3(PO4)2 · 8H2O; a neutron diffraction investigation. Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie (Springer Science and Business Media LLC). 1989, 333 (4-5): 401–403. ISSN 0016-1152. doi:10.1007/bf00572335. 
  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 British Library. Lending Division, Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain), Chemical Society (Great Britain), Akademii︠a︡ nauk SSSR. Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, Volume 32, Pages 919-1821. British Library Lending Division with the cooperation of the Royal Society of Chemistry. 1987: 973 [2022-11-22]. (原始内容存档于2022-11-22). 
  13. ^ British Library. Lending Division, Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain), Chemical Society (Great Britain), Akademii︠a︡ nauk SSSR. Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, Volume 27, Pages 1-913. British Library Lending Division with the cooperation of the Royal Society of Chemistry. 1982: 831 [2022-11-22]. (原始内容存档于2022-11-22). 
  14. ^ British Library. Lending Division, Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain), Chemical Society (Great Britain), Akademii︠a︡ nauk SSSR. Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, Volume 32, Pages 919-1821. British Library Lending Division with the cooperation of the Royal Society of Chemistry. 1987: 974 [2022-11-22]. (原始内容存档于2022-11-22). 

延伸阅读

编辑
  • Редкол.: Кнунянц И.Л. и др. (编). Химическая энциклопедия. 2. М.: Советская энциклопедия. 1990: 671. ISBN 5-82270-035-5. 
  • Редкол.: Никольский Б.П. и др. (编). Справочник химика. 1 2-е изд., испр. М.-Л.: Химия. 1966: 1072. 
  • Редкол.: Никольский Б.П. и др. (编). Справочник химика. 2 3-е изд., испр. Л.: Химия. 1971: 1168. 
  • Рипан Р., Четяну И. Неорганическая химия. Химия металлов. 2. М.: Мир. 1972: 871.