That that is is that that is not is not is that it it is
"That that is is that that is not is not is that it it is"是一個表達歧義性以及標點符號的重要性的英文短語。[1]
這句「句子」可以通過增加標點符號來分拆成四個句子：
That that is, is. That that is not, is not. Is that it? It is.
(存在的就是存在的，不存在的就是不存在的。就是這樣嗎？是。)
還有一個分拆方法：
That that is is that that is. Not is not. Is that it? It is. (那存在的就是那存在的，不是(存在)的就不是(存在)。就是這樣嗎？是。)
這是一個巴門尼德式的哲學諺語「that all that is, is, and that anything that does not exist does not.(存在的就是存在的，其他所有不存在的就是不存在的。)」這一個短語首先在Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable[2]裏出現，但在1959年的短故事"獻給阿爾吉儂的花束(Flowers for Algernon)"[來源請求]變得有名。Garylin(吉里連)在躺在草地上採摘雛菊以及自言自語時注意了它。
變體 编辑
一個類似的短語，只有一句句子和一個標點符號：
That that is is that that is not is not that that is that that is is not true is not true.
意思：那個『這句句子「那似乎不存在的與那存在的不同」是錯的。』的想法是不對的。
還有一個類似的，長一些的短語：
That that is, is. That that is not, is not. That that is not, is not that that is. Is that not it? It is.
(那存在的就是存在的，不存在的就是不存在的，那不存在的不是那存在的。這樣不是那樣嗎？是。
還有一個有三句句子的短語：
That "that is" is that "that is not" is not. Is that it? It is.
(那「這存在」就是相等於「這不是」是錯的。就是這樣嗎？是。)
意思：說某東西存在就等同說「那不存在」是錯的。
參見 编辑
參考資料 编辑
- ^ Wieringa, Moore & Barnes. Procedure Writing: Principles and Practices. Battelle Press. 1993: 54 [2012-01-07]. ISBN 0935470689. （原始内容存档于2014-06-22）.
- ^ Brewer, Ebenezer Cobham. Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. Harper. 1953 Edition: 896.