User:Msnhinet8jp/拜爾德

Richard Evelyn Byrd
出生	(1888-10-25)1888年10月25日 Winchester, Virginia
逝世	1957年3月11日(1957歲—03—11)（68歲） Boston, Massachusetts
Place of burial	Arlington National Cemetery
效命	United States of America
军种	United States Navy
服役年份	1912-1927 1940-1947
军衔	Rear Admiral
参与战争	World War II
获得勋章	Medal of Honor Navy Cross Navy Distinguished Service Medal Distinguished Flying Cross Legion of Merit

拜爾德 Richard Evelyn Byrd, Jr., 拜爾德1888年10月25日—1957年3月11日）是20世紀一位美國海軍少將，曾經在西元1947年組探險隊前往北極探險。

祖先

He was a descendant of one of the First Families of Virginia. His ancestors included planter John Rolfe and his wife Pocahontas, William Byrd II of Westover Plantation, who established Richmond, and Robert "King" Carter, a colonial governor. He was the brother of Virginia Governor and U.S. Senator Harry F. Byrd, a dominant figure in Virginia Democratic Party between the 1920s and 1960s; their father served as Speaker of the Virginia House of Delegates for a time.

家庭成員

Admiral Byrd was married (20 January 1915) to the former Marie Donaldson Ames [he named a region of Antarctic land he discovered “Marie Byrd Land”] and had four children:

• Richard Evelyn Jr., (grandchildren Richard Byrd, Leverett S. Byrd, Ames Byrd, and Harry Flood Byrd II)
• Evelyn Bolling Byrd Clarke (grandchildren Evelyn Byrd Clarke, Marie Ames Clarke, Eleanor Clarke, and Richard Byrd Clarke)
• Catherine Agnes Byrd Breyer (grandchildren Robert Byrd Breyer and Katherine Ames Breyer)
• Helen Byrd Stabler (grandchildren David Stabler and Ann Blanchard Stabler)

教育和美國海軍

Byrd attended the Virginia Military Institute before financial circumstances inspired his transfer to the United States Naval Academy in 1912. He learned to fly in World War I during his tour with the United States Navy. He developed a passion for flight, and pioneered many techniques for navigating airplanes over the open ocean including drift indicators and bubble sextants. His expertise in this area resulted in his appointment to plan the flight path for the U.S. Navy's 1919 transatlantic crossing. Of the three flying boats that attempted it, only Albert Read's NC-4 aircraft completed the trip, becoming the first ever transatlantic flight.

前進北極

西元1947年2月19日拜爾德少將和幾名軍人組成探險隊，準備前往北極進行探險，去北極探險結束後寫下下段日記在近十年才公布的內容。

日記的描述

“ 英文原文:

0600 Hours- All preparations are complete for our flight northward and we are airborne with full fuel tanks at 0610 Hours.

0620 Hours- fuel mixture on starboard engine seems too rich, adjustment made and Pratt Whittneys are running smoothly.

0730 Hours- Radio Check with base camp. All is well and radio reception is normal.

0740 Hours- Note slight oil leak in starboard engine, oil pressure indicator seems normal, however.

0800 Hours- Slight turbulence noted from easterly direction at altitude of 2321 feet, correction to 1700 feet, no further turbulence, but tail wind increases, slight adjustment in throttle controls, aircraft performing very well now.

0815 Hours- Radio Check with base camp, situation normal.

0830 Hours- Turbulence encountered again, increase altitude to 2900 feet, smooth flight conditions again.

0910 Hours- Vast Ice and snow below, note coloration of yellowish nature, and disperse in a linear pattern. Altering course foe a better examination of this color pattern below, note reddish or purple color also. Circle this area two full turns and return to assigned compass heading. Position check made again to base camp, and relay information concerning colorations in the Ice and snow below.

0910 Hours- Both Magnetic and Gyro compasses beginning to gyrate and wobble, we are unable to hold our heading by instrumentation. Take bearing with Sun compass, yet all seems well. The controls are seemingly slow to respond and have sluggish quality, but there is no indication of Icing!

0915 Hours- In the distance is what appears to be mountains.

0949 Hours- 29 minutes elapsed flight time from the first sighting of the mountains, it is no illusion. They are mountains and consisting of a small range that I have never seen before!

0955 Hours- Altitude change to 2950 feet, encountering strong turbulence again.

1000 Hours- We are crossing over the small mountain range and still proceeding northward as best as can be ascertained. Beyond the mountain range is what appears to be a valley with a small river or stream running through the center portion. There should be no green valley below! Something is definitely wrong and abnormal here! We should be over Ice and Snow! To the portside are great forests growing on the mountain slopes. Our navigation Instruments are still spinning, the gyroscope is oscillating back and forth!

1005 Hours- I alter altitude to 1400 feet and execute a sharp left turn to better examine the valley below. It is green with either moss or a type of tight knit grass. The Light here seems different. I cannot see the Sun anymore. We make another left turn and we spot what seems to be a large animal of some kind below us. It appears to be an elephant! NO!!! It looks more like a mammoth! This is incredible! Yet, there it is! Decrease altitude to 1000 feet and take binoculars to better examine the animal. It is confirmed - it is definitely a mammoth-like animal! Report this to base camp.

1030 Hours- Encountering more rolling green hills now. The external temperature indicator reads 74 degrees Fahrenheit! Continuing on our heading now. Navigation instruments seem normal now. I am puzzled over their actions. Attempt to contact base camp. Radio is not functioning!

1130 Hours- Countryside below is more level and normal (if I may use that word). Ahead we spot what seems to be a city!!!! This is impossible! Aircraft seems light and oddly buoyant. The controls refuse to respond!! My GOD!!! Off our port and starboard wings are a strange type of aircraft. They are closing rapidly alongside! They are disc-shaped and have a radiant quality to them. They are close enough now to see the markings on them. It is a type of Swastika!!! This is fantastic. Where are we! What has happened. I tug at the controls again. They will not respond!!!! We are caught in an invisible vice grip of some type!

1135 Hours- Our radio crackles and a voice comes through in English with what perhaps is a slight Nordic or Germanic accent! The message is: 'Welcome, Admiral, to our domain. We shall land you in exactly seven minutes! Relax, Admiral, you are in good hands.' I note the engines of our plane have stopped running! The aircraft is under some strange control and is now turning itself. The controls are useless.

1140 Hours- Another radio message received. We begin the landing process now, and in moments the plane shudders slightly, and begins a descent as though caught in some great unseen elevator! The downward motion is negligible, and we touch down with only a slight jolt!

1145 Hours- I am making a hasty last entry in the flight log. Several men are approaching on foot toward our aircraft. They are tall with blond hair. In the distance is a large shimmering city pulsating with rainbow hues of color. I do not know what is going to happen now, but I see no signs of weapons on those approaching. I hear now a voice ordering me by name to open the cargo door. I comply. 。

”

“ 中文:

曾於1947年2月率領一支探險隊，從北極進入地球內部，並發現了一個龐大的飛碟基地和地面上已絕種的動植物，在這個基地裡還居住著擁有高科技的 “巨人”。但這一信息卻一直被美國政府長期封鎖著。

拜爾德飛行日記所載，探險隊駐紮在北極地區某一基地內。1947年2月19日，一切準備就緒後，他們朝北方進行飛行探測。圓形六分儀和指南針均經過再三檢驗，無線電通訊也正常。

他們到達飛行高度707米時，東風帶來輕微地震動，下降到518米時，飛機又趨於穩定，但尾風增強，後又產生震動，爬升到610米則又一切平穩。這時，他們看到地面上覆蓋著無盡的冰雪，呈現出微黃色的光澤，但奇怪地分散成直線狀，還略微透出微紅色和紫色。

拜爾德除將此奇景立即電告基地外，又環繞飛行兩圈。這時，他發現指南針和六分儀不停地旋轉抖動，無法測出飛行方向，接著，看到地面不再有冰雪，遠方出現了山脈。那些山脈的範圍並不大，但決不是幻覺。此時已飛行29分鐘。

爬升至900米時，拜爾德的飛機遭遇到強烈地震動。繼續朝北飛越這些山脈後，他竟然看到了春意盎然的山谷，山谷中有小溪流過，左邊的山坡上分布著茂密的森林。此時羅盤又開始旋轉，並在兩點之間來回擺動。於是他下降至427米，向左急轉，以便仔細觀察這個山谷。他看到青苔或稠密的青草覆蓋著的地面，但這裡的光線卻非常奇特，因為並沒有看到陽光。

他還看見了似乎是大象的動物，再下降至305米，在望遠鏡中他吃驚地發現了地球上本已絕種的猛獸！繼而又看到綠色的起伏山丘，外面的溫度為27℃，各種儀器恢復正常，無線電通訊卻失靈了。

地面更趨於平坦，拜爾德發現竟然有城市存在，而空中的飛行器似乎具有神奇的浮力。在艙門上端和右側出現碟形發光飛行器，上面有無法形容的符號。結果，拜爾德的飛機被一股無形的力量所吸住，無法加以控制。

更不可思議的事情隨即發生，無線電發出的嘩嘩聲中竟然傳出帶著北歐語言或德語音調的英語：“歡迎將軍的光臨”，並稱不必擔心，7分鐘之後將安全降落。

接著，飛機的引擎停止運轉，飛機在輕微地震動中平安著陸，好像是由看不見的升降機支撐著。幾位金髮碧眼、皮膚白皙、體形高大的人出現了，這些人並沒有攜帶任何武器。而這座城市閃閃發光，有規律地發出彩虹般的色彩。拜爾德和無線電通訊員受到熱忱地款待，他們登上了沒有輪子的平台車，急速奔向燦爛的城市。城市似乎是用水晶修築而成。隨後，他們走進一巨大的建築物裡，飲用風味絕佳的熱飲料。10分鐘後，拜爾德暫時離開通訊員，進入一架升降機，向下運轉數分鐘，後來升降機的門朝上無聲地開啟，他走過充滿玫瑰紅色的走廊，光線似乎是從牆壁上放射出來的。他在一扇巨大的門前停下，門上有奇特的文字。在進入該房間之後所發生的事情更具有震撼性。拜爾德一再使用“前所未有”、“不可思議”、“難以形容”等詞彙來描述他親眼看到的華麗精緻的房間，那些人的聲音既悅耳又熱忱，他們告訴將軍，因他具有高貴的素質，並在“地表”世界有一定的知名度，所以讓他入境。

那些人還告訴他，這個地下世界名為“阿里亞尼”，自從美軍在日本廣島投下兩顆原子彈以後，他們才開始關注外面的世界，並在那個危機四伏的時代，派遣許多飛行器到地表展開調查。他們表示，地下世界的科技和文化要比地上世界進步數千年，原先他們並沒有干涉地上世界的戰爭的想法，但因為不願再見到人類使用原子武器，因此派出密使訪問超級大國，可未受重視。這次借邀請將軍的機會，傳達地上世界可能會走上自我毀滅的信息。那些人抱怨說，他們派出的人在地上世界受到了不友好的待遇，而飛行器也常遭戰機惡意攻擊。人類文明之花慘遭蹂躪，陰暗的幕罩已經降臨，全世界將陷入極度的不安之中。黑暗時代將出現，但新世界將從廢墟中再生，地下世界的人類會協助地上世界的人類重建家園。

拜爾德在結束會晤後，沿原路返回，與滿臉狐疑的通訊員會合。在兩架飛行器的引導下，他們升至823米，然後平安返回基地。臨行之前無線電傳來德語“再見”的聲音，27分鐘後著陸。

1947年2月，拜爾德出席美國國防部的參謀會議，所有的陳述均有詳細記錄，並且向杜魯門總統做了匯報。會議歷時6小時40分鐘，他還接受了最高安全部門及醫療小組的調查，後被有關方面告之嚴守秘密。拜爾德身為軍人，只能服從命令。但他仍在1965年12月24日的日記中寫到：“那塊土地在北極，那個基地是一個巨大的謎。”

”

參見

• List of Antarctic expeditions
• List of Medal of Honor recipients
• Laurence McKinley Gould
• Mount Iphigene

參考資料

• Time (magazine); Monday, November 8, 1926. Born. To Mrs. Marie Ames Byrd, of Winchester, Virginia, and Boston, a daughter. Mrs. Byrd is the wife of Lieut. Commander Richard Evelyn Byrd, U.S.N., who flew to the North Pole and back from Spitsbergen last spring. Lieutenant Byrd's brother, Harry F. Byrd, is Governor of Virginia.
• Rodgers, Eugene. Beyond the Barrier: The Story of Byrd's First Expedition to Antarctica. United States Naval Institute. 1997. ISBN 978-1557507136. 
• 原文日記