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玛丽安·特朗普·巴里
Maryanne Trump Barry
美国联邦第三巡回上诉法院的年长法官（英语：Senior status）
任期
2011年6月30日—2019年2月11日
美国联邦第三巡回上诉法院法官
任期
1999年9月22日—2001年6月30日
指定比尔·克林顿
前任H·李·薩羅金（英语：H. Lee Sarokin）
继任帕蒂·施瓦茲（英语：Patty Shwartz）
美国新泽西联邦地区法院法官
任期
1983年10月7日—1999年10月25日
指定罗纳德·里根
前任亨利·柯蒂斯·梅諾爾（英语：Henry Curtis Meanor）
继任乔尔·A·皮萨诺（英语：Joel A. Pisano）
个人资料
出生玛丽安·特朗普（英語：Maryanne Trump）
(1937-04-05) 1937年4月5日（87歲）
美国纽约市皇后区
政党共和党
配偶大卫·德斯蒙德（David Desmond）
（1960年结婚—1980年離婚）
约翰·巴里（John Barry）
（1982年结婚—2000年过世）
儿女大卫·威廉·德斯蒙德（David William Desmond）
父母弗雷德·特朗普
瑪麗·安妮·麥克勞德·特朗普
亲属特朗普家族（英语：Trump family）
学历曼荷莲学院（B.A.，1958）
哥伦比亚大学（M.A.，1962）
霍夫斯特拉大学（J.D.，1974）

玛丽安·特朗普·巴里（英語：Maryanne Trump Barry，1937年4月5日 –）是一位美国律师，且是一位已退休的美国联邦法官。她于1974年成为了一名美国助理检察官（英语：Assistant United States Attorney），又于1983年被总统罗纳德·里根任命为美国新泽西联邦地区法院的法官。1999年，总统比尔·克林顿任命她为美国联邦第三巡回上诉法院的法官。

2006年，玛丽安向美国参议院司法委员会作证，支持将她同事塞缪尔·阿利托提名为美国最高法院法官。她于2011年6月半退休（英语：Senior status），于2019年2月正式从联邦法院退休。她是美国前任总统唐纳德·特朗普的长姐。

早年生活和教育

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玛丽安本名叫“玛丽安·特朗普”（英語：Maryanne Trump），于1937年4月5日出生于纽约市皇后区，父母是地产商弗雷德·特朗普和瑪麗·安妮·麥克勞德·特朗普。[1]她是第四十五届美国总统唐纳德·特朗普的长姐。[2][3] She attended Kew-Forest School.[4]:243 她于1958年从曼荷莲学院毕业，获文学士学位。[5][6][4]:2441962年，她由哥伦比亚大学获得了文学硕士学位，主修公共法律与政府。[5][7]她后来又读了法学院，于1974年从霍夫斯特拉大学法学院获得法学博士学位。[5]

职业生涯

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U.S. Attorney's Office

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After being a homemaker for thirteen years, in 1974 Barry became an Assistant United States Attorney, one of only two women out of sixty-two lawyers in the office of the United States Attorney for the District of New Jersey.[8] She was in the civil division from 1974 to 1975 and in the appeals division from 1976 to 1982, serving as deputy chief of that division from 1976 to 1977 and chief of the division from 1977 to 1982. She served as Executive Assistant United States Attorney from 1981 to 1982. She was First Assistant United States Attorney from 1981 to 1983.[5]

美国联邦地区法院

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1983年9月14日，总统罗纳德·里根提名玛丽安为美国新泽西联邦地区法院的法官，以接替亨利·柯蒂斯·梅諾爾（英语：Henry Curtis Meanor）。美国参议院于1983年10月6日通过了她的提名，她于次日接到正式任命。[1]

1985年，玛丽安回避了一场贩毒案，因为她弟弟唐纳德·特朗普和被告有关。[9]她在联邦地区法院工作到1999年10月25日，直到她晋升到第三巡回法院为止。[5]

《纽约时报》的傑森·霍洛維茲认为，玛丽安以严格知名，对她的法庭管控有力。[1]1989年，她在新泽西州纽瓦克当地区法院法官时，否决了一份认罪协商：有两名县属警探涉嫌保护一名毒贩，而这份认罪协商将会将会释放他们。两名警探后来被定罪处刑。她还主持了对热那亚犯罪家族（英语：Genovese crime family）成员路易斯·曼纳（英语：Louis Manna）的审判；曼纳被指控刺杀了约翰·高蒂。[1]

美国联邦上诉法院

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玛丽安·特朗普·巴里，1992年摄

虽然玛丽安是一名共和党人，但民主党总统比尔·克林顿于1999年6月17日提名她进入美国联邦第三巡回上诉法院。[10][1] She was nominated to fill the vacancy created when H. Lee Sarokin retired in 1996.[11] （虽然克林顿在1998年提名了羅伯特·雷馬爾担任此职，但美国参议院司法委员会没有召开听证会，因此对雷馬爾的提名在该年年底失效。[12]）

参议院于1999年9月13日一致通过玛丽安的提名。[13]之后，玛丽安于1999年9月22日收到委任状。[11]“我对获得提名表示非常荣幸和感谢，”玛丽安当时对《新泽西法律周刊》说，“我很惊讶我能获得提名，我想我作为地区法官的记录足够好，我也很高兴在地区法院这里，政治并不是一件要务。“[注 1][14]

2006年1月，玛丽安向美国最高法院作证，支持她第三巡回上诉法院的同事塞缪尔·阿利托进入最高法院。[15]

In a 2006 ruling, Abou Cham v. Attorney General, Barry was harshly critical of the conduct of a U.S. Immigration Court judge in a case involving a refugee from The Gambia. The refugee petitioner was the nephew of former Gambian president Dawda Jawara, who had been deposed in a coup in 1994; the new regime had imprisoned or killed several of Cham's relatives, and outlawed their political party. Barry ruled in favor of Abou Cham; criticized Judge Donald Ferlise's questioning over a two-day hearing as bullying, belligerent, and abusive toward "an increasingly distraught petitioner"; and concluding that Cham had been "ground to bits" emotionally.[16][17][18][19] Barry wrote that there was "not a modicum of courtesy, of respect or of any pretense of fairness" in Ferlise's treatment of Cham, which led Ferliste to conclude that Cham's testimony was not credible, and concluded that the Immigration Court's ruling was a "severe wound" on the American justice system.[16][17][18][19] Ferlise was relieved of his duties shortly after Barry's decision.[17]

On June 30, 2011, Barry assumed senior status.[5] She took inactive senior status in the first week of February 2017, about two weeks after her brother's inauguration as president.[20][21]

Barry retired on February 11, 2019. Her retirement brought an end to an investigation of whether she had engaged in fraudulent tax schemes with her siblings that violated judicial conduct rules. The investigation closed without reaching a conclusion about the allegations.[22][23]

有关逃税的指控

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2018年10月，《纽约时报》公布了一份调查报告，认为玛丽安同其父亲和兄弟姐妹参与了诈骗等非法活动，以减免弗雷德·特朗普地产企业相关的地产税和赠与税。[24] Investigative journalist Susanne Craig discovered a filing Barry had made to the Senate as part of her federal judiciary confirmation in 1983, in which she had reported a $1 million contribution from All County Building Supply & Maintenance.[25] The Times reported that All County Building Supply & Maintenance was a "sham company" formed in 1992[25] and owned by Barry, Donald Trump, their siblings, and a cousin.

All County Building Supply & Maintenance reportedly paid for work performed at Fred Trump's apartment buildings; those apartment buildings then reimbursed the company, but fraudulently added extra money to those reimbursements. Tax experts reportedly indicated that because All County "performed no real work, the transfer of money through the corporation was essentially a gift that evaded the 55 percent tax in place at the time".[26] Its address was the Manhasset, New York, residence of John Walter, Fred Trump's nephew.[25][注 2] In a follow-up article, The New York Times reported that the money illicitly earned by All County was split by the Trump siblings.[26]

In October 2018, as a result of the publication of this investigation, the New York State Department of Taxation and Finance began a review of the fraud allegations against Barry and her siblings.[24][27][22]

有四名法务专家在2018年10月以《纽约时报》上的指控投诉玛丽安。2019年2月1日，他们收到了来自美国联邦第二巡回上诉法院的通知，宣布已经展开了对玛丽安逃税和转移资产等不端行为的调查。10天之后，当时仍是半退休法官的巴里宣布退休，从此调查结束。[22]

对唐纳德·特朗普的批评

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玛丽安在她弟弟唐纳德·特朗普总统任期内很少公开谈论他。[8]2020年8月，玛丽安的侄女玛丽·特朗普曝光说，她私自将她和玛丽安于2018和2019年15个小时的谈话录音下来。在这些被录音的谈话中，玛丽安尖锐地批评了特朗普总统。[8]玛丽·特朗普公布了一些谈话的文字记录和音频片段，而有些信息并没有出现在她2020年7月的著作《太多且永远不够（英语：Too Much and Never Enough）》中。[8]

在这些录音中，玛丽安提到特朗普时说：

“他唯一想要的就是讨好他的基础选民，他没有原则。没有。没有……他该死的推特和他的谎言，我的天。我说话太自由了，但你懂的。他变换故事，毫无准备，信口雌黄。见鬼。”[8][注 3]

她又提到她弟弟特朗普不读书，有人代替他考大学。她说：

“这就是他一切的虚伪，虚伪和残忍。唐纳德是残忍的。”[8][注 4]

在这些录音中，玛丽安还批评了特朗普政府的家庭分离政策（英语：Trump administration family separation policy）和特朗普企业的破产经历，说：“你不能信任他。”（"You can’t trust him."）[8][28][29]

获奖

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2004年，美国最高法院大法官桑德拉·戴·奥康纳给玛丽安颁奖。该奖项由奥康纳亲自提名，由薛顿贺尔大学法学院颁给在法律和公共服务方面表现出色的女性。在颁奖典礼上，玛丽安说：[1]

“我对妇女们说，要记得像奥康纳大法官这样的妇女，开启事业亦是多么艰难……即便她以优异成绩毕业，她也只能得到法务秘书的工作。我们要铭记我们走了多远。”[注 5]

个人生活

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玛丽安的第一任丈夫是大卫·德斯蒙德（David Desmond），两人于1980年离婚。[30]1982年，玛丽安与一名新泽西律师约翰·约瑟夫·巴里（John Joseph Barry）结婚。[1][7]两人结婚18年，直至约翰于2000年4月9日过世。[31]玛丽安在第一次婚姻中育有一子大卫·威廉·德斯蒙德（David William Desmond），他是一名纽约的心理学家。[30][32]

2016年。玛丽安向一所天主教学校费尔菲尔德大学捐赠了四百万美元，用以资助奖学金、赞助该大学的伊格纳修神学（英语：Ignatian Spirituality）中心。[33][34]

注释

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  1. ^ "I am deeply honored and very grateful for the nomination," Barry told the New Jersey Law Journal in 1999. "I am surprised I was approached on it. I assume that my record is good enough as a district court judge to be reached out to, and I'm glad that politics weren't a priority here."
  2. ^ According to the investigation by The Times, John Walter (1934–2018) 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2020-01-28. managed Fred Trump's business records. Said records filled the basement of Walter's Manhasset residence. The investigation by The Times included thousands of documents such as "bank statements, financial audits, accounting ledgers, cash disbursement reports, invoices and canceled checks" and over 200 of Fred Trump's tax returns.
  3. ^ 原文："All he wants to do is appeal to his base. He has no principles. None. None. ... His goddamned tweeting and lying, oh my God. I'm talking too freely, but you know. The change of stories. The lack of preparation. The lying. Holy shit."
  4. ^ 原文："It's the phoniness of it all. It's the phoniness and this cruelty. Donald is cruel."
  5. ^ 原文："I say to the women out there, remember how difficult it was for women like Justice O'Connor starting out," adding, "Even though she graduated with top grades, she had to take a job as a legal secretary. Remember how far we have come."

引用

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Horowitz, Jason. Familiar Talk on Women, From an Unfamiliar Trump. The New York Times (New York City: New York Times Company). August 18, 2015 [November 2, 2017]. （原始内容存档于November 10, 2015）. 
  2. ^ Johnson, Jenna. Donald Trump Says His Older Sister Isn't Interested in Becoming a Supreme Court Judge. The Washington Post (Washington, D.C.: Nash Holdings). October 11, 2015 [November 4, 2017]. （原始内容存档于October 12, 2015）. 
  3. ^ Candlish, Jane. Councillor Welcomes Trump Donation to Western Isles Care Home. The Press and Journal (Aberdeen, Scotland: D. C. Thomson & Co. Ltd.). May 16, 2015 [January 25, 2016]. （原始内容存档于November 4, 2017）. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Blair, Gwenda. The Trumps: Three Generations of Builders and a President. New York City: Simon & Schuster. December 4, 2001: 592 [2000]. ISBN 9780743210799. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Barry, Maryanne Trump. Federal Judicial Center. [November 4, 2017]. （原始内容存档于November 4, 2017）. 
  6. ^ Margolick, David. At the Bar. The New York Times (New York City: The New York Times Company). December 4, 1992 [November 4, 2017]. （原始内容存档于November 11, 2016）. 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Maryanne Desmond Weds John Barry. The New York Times (New York City: New York Times Company). December 27, 1982 [November 4, 2017]. ISSN 0362-4331. （原始内容存档于November 11, 2016）. 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 Kranish, Michael. In secretly recorded audio, President Trump's sister says he has 'no principles' and 'you can't trust him'. Washington Post. August 22, 2020. 
  9. ^ Johnston, David Cay. The Drug Trafficker Donald Trump Risked His Casino Empire to Protect. thedailybeast.com. 19 October 2016 [13 March 2019]. （原始内容存档于25 May 2017）. 
  10. ^ Kamen, Al. When President Clinton Did a Very Nice Thing for Donald Trump. Washington Post. Washington, D.C.: Nash Holdings. 2015 [November 4, 2017]. （原始内容存档于December 13, 2016）. Barry, a Republican and Reagan-appointed federal trial judge at the time, reportedly was herself surprised she was picked. 
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 Barry, Maryanne Trump. Federal Judicial Center. [2020-08-24]. （原始内容存档于2019-07-16）. 
  12. ^ Margolick, David. Yale Alumni Take Lead Again, Even If Not in Law. New York Times (New York City: New York Times Company). March 20, 1992 [August 4, 2019]. （原始内容存档于August 5, 2019）. 
  13. ^ When President Clinton did a very nice thing for Donald Trump. Washington Post. July 30, 2015 [February 16, 2016]. （原始内容存档于December 13, 2016）. 
  14. ^ Ackermann, Matt. Conservative-with-a-Heart Barry Nominated for Third Circuit Seat. New Jersey Law Journal (Camden, New Jersey: Rutgers University). June 21, 1999, 156: 1105. （原始内容存档于September 18, 2008） –通过Is That Legal? (blog). 
  15. ^ Brodesser-Akner, Claude. Cruz again attacks Trump's sister, a N.J. judge. nj.com. February 21, 2016 [July 16, 2019]. （原始内容存档于July 16, 2019）. 
  16. ^ 16.0 16.1 Taylor, Marisa. Immigration judges face increased scrutiny. McClatchyDC. June 28, 2006 [August 23, 2020]. 
  17. ^ 17.0 17.1 17.2 Tebo, Margaret Graham. Asylum Ordeals. ABA Journal. November 24, 2006 [August 23, 2020]. 
  18. ^ 18.0 18.1 Barry, Maryanne Trump. Abou CHAM, Petitioner v. ATTORNEY GENERAL OF the UNITED STATES, Respondent. FindLaw. April 28, 2006 [August 23, 2020]. 
  19. ^ 19.0 19.1 Simmons, William Paul. Human Rights Law and the Marginalized Other. Cambridge University Press. 26 September 2011: 173–176. ISBN 9781139503266. 
  20. ^ Mannion, Cara. 3rd Circ. Judge, Trump's Sister, Stops Hearing Cases. Law360. February 3, 2017 [November 4, 2017]. （原始内容存档于November 4, 2017）. 
  21. ^ Hartfield, Elizabeth; Orden, Erica. A financial disclosure from Donald Trump's sister led to The New York Times report on his taxes. CNN. October 3, 2018. （原始内容存档于October 4, 2018）. In 2017, she became an inactive judge. 
  22. ^ 22.0 22.1 22.2 Buettner, Russ; Craig, Susanne. Retiring as a Judge, Trump's Sister Ends Court Inquiry Into Her Role in Tax Dodges. The New York Times (New York City: New York Times Company). April 10, 2019 [April 11, 2019]. （原始内容存档于April 11, 2019）. 
  23. ^ Gambardello, Joseph A. Trump's sister retires as federal judge in Philadelphia amid reported probe of family finances. philly.com. April 13, 2019 [April 13, 2019]. （原始内容存档于April 13, 2019） （美国英语）. 
  24. ^ 24.0 24.1 Barstow, David; Craig, Susanne; Buettner, Russ. Trump Engaged in Suspect Tax Schemes as He Reaped Riches From His Father. The New York Times. October 2, 2018 [October 5, 2018]. （原始内容存档于May 26, 2019）. 
  25. ^ 25.0 25.1 25.2 Smith, Allan. New York Times reveals that its bombshell story on Trump's wealth was made possible by a document his sister submitted to the Senate years ago. Business Insider. October 3, 2018 [October 5, 2018]. （原始内容存档于October 5, 2018）. 
  26. ^ 26.0 26.1 Buettner, Russ; Craig, Susanne. As the Trumps Dodged Taxes, Their Tenants Paid a Price. The New York Times. December 15, 2018 [December 15, 2018]. （原始内容存档于May 24, 2019）. 
  27. ^ Borak, Donna; Tatum, Sophie. New York Times investigation: Trump helped his parents evade taxes, 'including instances of outright fraud'. CNN. October 3, 2018 [December 15, 2018]. （原始内容存档于May 10, 2019）. 
  28. ^ Kelly Mena; Jeremy Diamond; Kevin Bohn. Trump's sister bitterly criticizes him in conversations secretly recorded by her niece Mary Trump. CNN. Aug 23, 2020. 
  29. ^ Donald Trump's Sister Maryanne Trump Barry Leaked Audio Transcript. Rev Transcript Library. 
  30. ^ 30.0 30.1 Foster, Alice. Judge Maryanne Trump Barry in Pictures: Donald Trump's Sister Celebrates 80th Birthday. Daily Express (London, England: Express Newspapers). April 5, 2017 [November 4, 2017]. （原始内容存档于November 4, 2017）. 
  31. ^ John Barry, 60, Trial and Appellate Lawyer. The New York Times (New York City: New York Times Company). April 18, 2000 [November 4, 2017]. （原始内容存档于November 11, 2016）. 
  32. ^ Engagements: Lisa Aitken, David Desmond. New York Times (New York City: New York Times Company). May 31, 1992 [November 4, 2017]. （原始内容存档于November 11, 2016）. 
  33. ^ Roy, Eleanor. Donald Trump's Sister Gives $4 Million to Fairfield University. Palm Beach Daily News (Palm Beach, Florida: Cox Enterprises). October 9, 2016 [12 September 2017]. （原始内容存档于November 4, 2017）. 
  34. ^ Cipollaro, Susan. Honorable Maryanne Trump Barry Donates $4M in Honor of Rev. Jeffrey P. von Arx, S.J., President of Fairfield University (新闻稿). Fairfield, Connecticut: Fairfield University. September 14, 2016 [November 4, 2017]. （原始内容存档于August 20, 2017）. 

外部链接

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维基语录上的TheLonelyPather/沙盒语录
司法职务
前任者：
Henry Curtis Meanor 		Judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey
1983–1999 		繼任者：
Joel A. Pisano
前任者：
H. Lee Sarokin 		Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
1999–2011 		繼任者：
Patty Shwartz
取自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:TheLonelyPather/沙盒&oldid=74775609”