File:"Liesegang banding" in quartzose sandstone (Upper Paleozoic; quarry near Crossville, Tennessee, USA) 2 (40280403530).jpg
![File:"Liesegang banding" in quartzose sandstone (Upper Paleozoic; quarry near Crossville, Tennessee, USA) 2 (40280403530).jpg](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/%22Liesegang_banding%22_in_quartzose_sandstone_%28Upper_Paleozoic%3B_quarry_near_Crossville%2C_Tennessee%2C_USA%29_2_%2840280403530%29.jpg/800px-%22Liesegang_banding%22_in_quartzose_sandstone_%28Upper_Paleozoic%3B_quarry_near_Crossville%2C_Tennessee%2C_USA%29_2_%2840280403530%29.jpg)
原始檔案 (3,993 × 2,535 像素,檔案大小:5.07 MB,MIME 類型:image/jpeg)
摘要
描述"Liesegang banding" in quartzose sandstone (Upper Paleozoic; quarry near Crossville, Tennessee, USA) 2 (40280403530).jpg |
“Liesegang banding” in sandstone from the Upper Paleozoic of Tennessee, USA. Irregular, reddish or brownish or orangish-brown iron oxide banding is commonly seen in many porous rocks, particularly sandstones and pebbly sandstones. These have been almost universally referred to as “Liesegang banding”, representing precipitation lines of iron-rich minerals (e.g., hematite, limonite, goethite, etc.) at & along groundwater chemical interfaces. But, according to Neil Wells of Kent State University, the original concept of Liesegang banding (Liesegang, 1896) does not match up with what is seen in the rock record (see Wells et al., 2003). True Liesegang banding refers to parallel bands of precipitate formed by diffusion along a single chemical gradient during one event. What's seen in the rock record often consists of sets of irregularly concentric iron bands, with different sets of bands quite frequently oriented in different directions, and showing cross-cutting and dissolution of older sets. Iron banding in the rock record is clearly the result of numerous precipitation events over long periods of time by moving groundwater (Wells et al., 2003). Iron mineralization along these bands appears to be induced by the presence of either a redox interface (change from reducing to oxidizing conditions in the groundwater) or a pH interface (change in acidity). Because Neil Wells is the first (apparently) to point out that what geologists have been calling Liesegang banding really isn’t, a renaming seems to be in order. It was jokingly suggested in 2003 that the iron banding discussed above be called “Wells Banding”. I’m all for that. From Diemer et al. (2012) - Building Stone Walking Tour of Uptown Charlotte: The 1.5 acre urban pocket park known as the Green is located between the 400 block of South Tryon and South College Streets, immediately west of the Charlotte Convention Center. Designed by Wagner Murray Architects of Charlotte, it was completed in 2002 and sits directly on top of a 7-level underground parking structure. Sandstone blocks in the retaining wall This fine-grained quartz sandstone was quarried near Crossville, Tennessee. Red iron staining highlights cross-bedding on some specimens. The high quartz content of this sandstone, deposited along the coast of an inland sea that covered most of North America in the Mississippian, about 340 million years ago, has made it a desirable and durable building stone. It is called a fieldstone because it has been left in its natural state. Provenance: quarry near Crossville, Cumberland County, east-central Tennessee, USA Locality: building stone in wall at "The Green", College Street & 2nd Street, downtown Charlotte, North Carolina, USA References: Liesegang, R.E. 1896. Ueber einige Eigenschaften von Gal-lerten [On some properties of gelatin]. Naturwissenschaftliche Wochenschrift 11: 353-362. (see also: Liesegang, R.E. 1945. Geologische Bänderungen durch Diffusion und Kapillarität [Geologic banding by diffusion and capillarity]. Chemie der Erde, Zeitschrift der Chemischen, Mineralogie, Petrographie, Geologie und Bodenkunde 15: 420-423.) Wells, N.A., D.A. Waugh & A.M. Foos. 2003. Some notes and hypotheses concerning iron and iron remobilization features in the Sharon Formation (Summit County, Ohio). in Pennsylvanian Sharon Formation, past and present: sedimentology, hydrogeology, and historical and environmental significance, a field guide to Gorge Metro Park, Virginia Kendall Ledges in the Cuyahoga Valley National Park, and other sites in northeast Ohio. Ohio Division of Geological Survey Guidebook 18: 33-37. |
日期 | |
來源 | "Liesegang banding" in quartzose sandstone (Upper Paleozoic; quarry near Crossville, Tennessee, USA) 2 |
作者 | James St. John |
授權條款
![w:zh:共享創意](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/CC_some_rights_reserved.svg/90px-CC_some_rights_reserved.svg.png)
![姓名標示](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Cc-by_new_white.svg/24px-Cc-by_new_white.svg.png)
- 您可以自由:
- 分享 – 複製、發佈和傳播本作品
- 重新修改 – 創作演繹作品
- 惟需遵照下列條件:
- 姓名標示 – 您必須指名出正確的製作者,和提供授權條款的連結,以及表示是否有對內容上做出變更。您可以用任何合理的方式來行動,但不得以任何方式表明授權條款是對您許可或是由您所使用。
![]() |
這幅圖片原始出處為Flickr的https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/40280403530 ,作者為James St. John 。經機器人FlickreviewR 2在2019年12月6日審查後確定為採用cc-by-2.0的協議授權使用。 |
2019年12月6日
說明
在此檔案描寫的項目
描繪內容
沒有維基數據項目的某些值
3 11 2012
攝影器材 繁體中文 (已轉換拼寫)
曝光時間 繁體中文 (已轉換拼寫)
0.003125 秒
8
6.2 毫米
ISO速度 繁體中文 (已轉換拼寫)
80
多媒體型式 繁體中文 (已轉換拼寫)
image/jpeg
5,311,171 位元組
2,535 像素
3,993 像素
檔案歷史
點選日期/時間以檢視該時間的檔案版本。
日期/時間 | 縮圖 | 尺寸 | 用戶 | 備註 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
目前 | 2019年12月6日 (五) 03:13 | ![]() | 3,993 × 2,535(5.07 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
檔案用途
沒有使用此檔案的頁面。
全域檔案使用狀況
以下其他 wiki 使用了這個檔案:
- en.wikipedia.org 的使用狀況
詮釋資料
此檔案中包含擴展的資訊。這些資訊可能是由數位相機或掃描器在建立時或數位化過程中所加入。
如果此檔案的來源檔案已被修改,一些資訊在修改後的檔案中將不能完全反映出來。
相機製造商 | Canon |
---|---|
相機型號 | Canon PowerShot D10 |
曝光時間 | 1/320 秒 (0.003125) |
光圈值 | f/8 |
ISO 速率 | 80 |
資料產生的日期時間 | 2012年11月3日 (六) 13:42 |
焦距 | 6.2毫米 |
影像標題 | |
寬度 | 4,000 px |
高度 | 3,000 px |
每像素位元 |
|
像素合成 | RGB |
方位 | 標準 |
像素數量 | 3 |
水平解析度 | 180 dpi |
垂直解析度 | 180 dpi |
使用軟體 | Adobe Photoshop Elements 13.0 (Macintosh) |
檔案修改日期時間 | 2018年5月13日 (日) 15:25 |
亮度與彩度位置 | 同時取樣 |
Exif 版本 | 2.21 |
數位化的日期時間 | 2012年11月3日 (六) 13:42 |
每像素內含 |
|
影像壓縮模式 | 3 |
APEX 快門速度 | 8.3125 |
APEX 光圈 | 6 |
APEX 曝光補償 | 0 |
最大陸地光圈 | 2.96875 APEX(f/2.8) |
測光模式 | 模式 |
閃光燈 | 閃光燈未開啟、強制閃光燈關閉 |
支援的 Flashpix 版本 | 1 |
色彩空間 | sRGB |
X 軸焦平面解析度 | 16,460.905349794 |
Y 軸焦平面解析度 | 16,483.516483516 |
焦平面解析度單位 | 英寸 |
感光模式 | 單晶片彩色區域感測器 |
檔案來源 | 數位相機 |
自訂影像處理 | 一般程序 |
曝光模式 | 自動曝光 |
白平衡 | 自動白平衡 |
數位變焦比率 | 1 |
場景拍攝類型 | 風景 |
使用鏡頭 | 6.2-18.6 mm |
詮釋資料最後修改日期 | 2018年5月13日 (日) 11:25 |
原始文件唯一識別碼 | ECD50709369F733F175420C735D1217E |