緙織壁毯
(重定向自掛毯)
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緙織壁毯,又稱緙織挂毯,是指一種以緙織工藝紡織而成、挂在墙壁廊柱上的一种装饰用的艺术品。早期用羊毛、棉线等纺织,高档壁毯也有用丝绸、金线、银线等纺织,现在多用合成纤维,由织布机制作。緙織壁毯最初的功能是悬挂于房屋内部,以起到挡风御寒的作用。
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/The_Hunt_of_the_Unicorn_Tapestry_1.jpg/220px-The_Hunt_of_the_Unicorn_Tapestry_1.jpg)
緙織壁毯較為脆弱且難以製作,因此大多數歷史作品都都將艺术品該垂直掛在牆上(或有時掛在帳篷裡),或水平掛在桌子或床等家具上。此外,緙織壁毯需要與刺繡等不同技術區分開來,儘管帶有圖像的大片刺繡有時被粗略地稱為「掛毯」, 從中世紀開始,歐洲緙織壁毯其編織面積相當巨大大,它們通常成套製作,這樣整個房間都可以掛起來。
在中世紀晚期的歐洲,掛毯是最宏偉、最昂貴的二維圖像媒介,儘管在當時的時代,繪畫的重要性迅速上升,但至少在16世紀末之前,'緙織壁毯在許多文藝復興時期的贊助人眼中一直保持著高尚的地位,在法國大革命和拿破崙戰爭之前 ,歐洲繼續發展緙織壁毯,並反映藝術風格的更廣泛變化,在19世紀之後,緙織壁毯則較小的規模逐漸復興。
參考資料
编辑- 文獻
- Campbell, Thomas P. and Ainsworth, Maryan Wynn, Tapestry in the Renaissance: Art and Magnificence, 2002, Metropolitan Museum of Art, ISBN 9780300093704, fully online
- Campbell (2007): Campbell, Thomas P., Henry VIII and the Art of Majesty: Tapestries at the Tudor Court, 2007, Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-12234-3, google books
- Campbell (2008): Campbell, Thomas P. “How Medieval and Renaissance Tapestries Were Made.” 2008, Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, online (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- Embroidery and Tapestry Weaving (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), by Grace Christie, 1912, from Project Gutenberg. Technical handbook.
- Olson, Rebecca. Arras Hanging: The Textile That Determined Early Modern Literature and Drama, University of Delaware Press, 2013, ISBN 978-1611494686
- Osborne, Harold (ed), "Tapestry", in The Oxford Companion to the Decorative Arts, 1975, OUP, ISBN 0198661134
- Pepper, Simon. "Battle pictures and military scenes" 2 (i), in Grove Art Online (restricted access, refs to sections), accessed March 22, 2011
- Russell, Carol K. Tapestry Handbook. The Next Generation, Schiffer Publ. Ltd., Atglen, PA. 2007, ISBN 978-0-7643-2756-8
- "Tapestries in the Royal Collection" (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Royal Collection
- "V&A": "What is tapestry?" (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Victoria and Albert Museum
- 書籍
- Ortiz, A.; Carretero, C.; et al. Resplendence of the Spanish monarchy : Renaissance tapestries and armor from the Patrimonio Nacional. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 1991 [2022-11-25]. (原始内容存档于2018-08-16).
- Thomas P Campbell, Tapestry in the Baroque: Threads of Splendor, 2007, Metropolitan Museum of Art
- Bremer–David, Clarissa, Woven Gold - Tapestries of Louis XIV, 2016, Getty Publications / Yale
- Souchal, Geneviève, Masterpieces of tapestry from the fourteenth to the sixteenth century, 1974, Metropolitan Museum of Art