聖卡戰役
聖卡戰役（法語：Bataille de Saint-Cast）發生於1758年9月11日，是七年戰爭期間的一場戰役，英國海陸遠征軍與法國海防部隊在法國海岸中交戰。
| 聖卡戰役 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 七年戰爭的一部分 | |||||||
 尼古拉·奧贊的雕刻 | |||||||
| |||||||
| 参战方 | |||||||
 大不列顛 |
 法蘭西王國[1] | ||||||
| 指挥官与领导者 | |||||||
|
托馬斯·布萊 亞歷山大·杜里 † 喬治·安森 理察·何奧 |
艾吉永公爵 | ||||||
| 兵力 | |||||||
|
10,000名士兵 32,000名水手 | 8,000-9,000名水手和民兵[2] | ||||||
| 伤亡与损失 | |||||||
|
2,300人傷亡[3][4] 800人被俘[5] | 300人傷亡 | ||||||
在七年戰爭期間，英國對法國本土和世界各地的法國屬地進行了多次兩棲遠征。1758年開始，英國對法國北部海岸進行了多次遠征，以佔領並摧毀法國港口，將法國陸軍從德意志地區轉移，和壓制法國的私掠船。此戰的慘敗導致其成為最後一場本土遠征。
註腳 编辑
- ^
- "...the standard of France was white, sprinkled with golden fleur de lis..." （Ripley & Dana 1879，p.250）.
- On the reverse of this plate it says: "Le pavillon royal était véritablement le drapeau national au dix-huitième siecle...Vue du chateau d'arrière d'un vaisseau de guerre de haut rang portant le pavillon royal (blanc, avec les armes de France)" （Vinkhuijzen collection 2011）.
- "The oriflamme and the Chape de St Martin were succeeded at the end of the 16th century, when Henry III., the last of the house of Valois, came to the throne, by the white standard powdered with fleurs-de-lis. This in turn gave place to the famous tricolour" （Chisholm 1911，p.460）.
- ^ Revue anglo-française, Tome Quatrième, Poitiers, 1836, pp. 45–46
- ^ Revue anglo-française, Tome Quatrième, Poitiers, 1836, p. 47, " De trois mille hommes qui restaient encore à terre losque l'action commença, la moitié trouva la mort sur la champ de bataille, huit cents se noyèrent, sept cents furent faits prisonniers: pas seul ne rejoignit la flotte." – 「上岸的三千人中……半數死於戰鬥，八百人溺亡，七百人被俘：沒有一個人回到船上。」
- ^ London, Printed for E. and C. Dilly, 1770, p.40
- ^ AHistory of England, Vol III, p. 503
參考文獻 编辑
Chisholm, Hugh (编). Flag. Encyclopædia Britannica 10 (第11版). London: Cambridge University Press: 454–463. 1911.- The Vinkhuijzen collection of military uniforms: France, 1750-1757. New York Public Library. 25 March 2011 [2004]. （原始内容存档于6 April 2015）.
- A soldier's journal containing a particular description of the several descents on the coast of France last war; with an entertaining account of the islands of Guadaloupe Dominique, &c. and also of the isles of Wight and Jersey. To which are annexed, Observations on the present state of the army of Great Britain., London, Printed for E. and C. Dilly, 1770. First hand account written by a private of the 68th Foot.
- A genuine narrative of the enterprise against the stores and shipping at St. Maloes, from the letters of a person of distinction in the service ... London, Printed for J. Staples, 1758.
- An Authentic Account of our last attempt on the Coast of France by an Officer who miraculously escaped being cut to pieces, by Swimming to a Boat at a considerable distance from the shore., London, 1758. Containing two first hand accounts of the battle.
- An Impartial Narrative of the Last Expedition to the Coast of France by an Eyewitness. London, 1758.
- Revue anglo-française, Tome Quatrième, Poitiers, 1836.
- Crucible of War, Anderson, Fred. New York, 2000, p. 303. ISBN 0-375-40642-5.
- History of England, The Revolution, Death of George the Second. Designed as a Continuation of Mr, Hume's History. T, Smollett,M.D. Vol.III, London, 1848.
- Origin and services of the Coldstream Guards, Daniel Mackinnon. London 1883, Vol.I.
- Origin and History of the First or Grenadier Guards, Lieutenant-General F.W.Hamilton, London, 1874, Vol. II.
- Naval and Military Memoirs of Great Britain, from 1727 to 1783, Vol II and Vol. III, Appendix, London, 1804, Robert Beatson.
- A History of the British Army, Fortescue J. W., MacMillan, London, 1899, Vol. II.
- The Seven Years War, Daniel Marsten, Osprey, Oxford, 2001, ISBN 1-84176-191-5
- The Military Experience in the Age of Reason, Duffy, Christopher, 1998, Wordsworth Editions Ltd., Hertfordshire, ISBN 1-85326-690-6
- History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery, Duncan, Major Francis, London, 1879, Vol. 1.
- The Life of George, Lord Anson, Barrow, Sir John, London, 1889.
