哈特威克法則

在資源經濟學中， 哈特威克法則（Hartwick's rule）定義了生產資本（建築物，道路，知識庫存等）的投資額，這些投資需要完全抵消不可再生資源的存量消耗。這項投資的施行需要保證社會生活水平不會隨時間無限延續而下降。 Solow （1974）指出，鑑於生產資本和自然資源之間存在一定程度的可替代性，為經濟體設計可持續消費計劃的一種方法是充分快速地積累生產資本，通過擴大生產資本存量提供的社會服務來精確抵消不可再生資源存量消耗的壓力。哈特威克法則（通常簡稱為「投資資源租金」）要求一個國家將從當前提取的不可再生資源中獲得的所有租金用於投資，其中「租金」是沿着最大化資源存量所有者回報的路徑定義的。該規則適用於許多類型的資本，包括自然資本存量的載體。

參考

Asheim, Geir B.; Buchholtz, Wolfgang; Hartwick, John M.; Mitra, Tapan; Withagen, Cees. Constant Saving Rates and Quasi-arithmetic Population Growth under Exhaustible Resource Constraints. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management. 2007, 53 (2): 213–229.
Hartwick, John M. Intergenerational Equity and the Investment of Rents from Exhaustible Resources. American Economic Review. 1977, 67: 972–74.
Hamilton, Kirk; Atkinson, Giles. Wealth, Welfare and Sustainability: Advances in Measuring Sustainable Development. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar. 2006.
Hamilton, Kirk; Hartwick, John. Investing Exhaustible Resource Rents and the Path of Consumption. Canadian Journal of Economics. 2005, 38 (2): 615–621.
Solow, Robert M. Intergenerational Equity and Exhaustible Resources. Review of Economic Studies. 1974, (Symposium): 29–46.
Stollery, Kenneth R. Constant Utility Paths and Irreversible Global Warming. Canadian Journal of Economics. 1998, 31 (3): 730–42.
Withagen, Cees; Asheim, Geir B. Characterizing Sustainability: The Converse of Hartwick's Rule. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control. 1998, 23 (1): 159–65.