Gan Lihao (born October 1977) is a professor and doctoral supervisor at East China Normal University, a Pujiang Talent in Shanghai, China. He also served as a visiting scholar in the Linguistics Department at the University of California, Berkeley. He is the Deputy Director of the National Discourse Ecology Research Center and holds positions such as Executive Director of the Chinese Rhetoric Society, Director of the Shanghai Language Society, and Director of the Audiovisual Communication Committee of the Chinese Society for Journalism and Communication. Gan Lihao is the originator of "Rhetoric of Life" and the "Theory of Behavioral Dramatism." His research focuses on human communication discourse, aiming to promote individual growth, harmonious family environments, mutual understanding within domestic communities, dialogues within the international community, and the peaceful development of human common destiny. His research is primarily conducted across three levels: family, nation, and global. He conducts discourse research on family education through empathetic rhetoric, discourse research on national governance through speech acts, and discourse research on global knowledge through digital communities. He has published dozens of articles in journals like "Journalism & Communication Studies," "International Journalism," "Journalism College," and "Modern Communication." His major works include "Contrastive Structures Under the Influence of Spatial Dynamics," "Communication Rhetoric: Theory, Methods, and Cases," and "Research on China's National Image and Wikipedia Knowledge Discourse."『"Political Science on Wikipedia: A Comprehensive Exploration"
Research Achievements on Wikipedia Teams（GDK,"Global Digital Knowledge Center"）(Over 1 Million Words)（"All articles can be searched on CNKI, www.cnki.net"） I have published Wikipedia-related research papers:
1.Gan Lihao,"Ethnic Conflicts"and"Terrorist Attack": Digital Discourse Frameworks in English Wikipedia Terrorist Entries: Taking Kunming 3.1 Event and London 6.3 Event as Examples Journalism and Media (CSSCI), 2019, Issue 10. Abstract: Wikipedia is not only a knowledge storage platform, information dissemination platform, but also a social media platform.Compared with the paper encyclopedia that represents the elite ideology， It is generally believed that Wikipedia universal collaborative editing model is neutral which can effectively resist the control of power and capital. However, choosing the English Wikipedia entries of 6.3 event in London and 3.1 event in Kunming for critical discourse analysis, we can find that they have constructed two very different discourse frameworks of "terrorist attack" and "ethnic conflicts" although both describe the "extremist killing passers-by with a knife". By comparing the two frameworks, we can find that the English Wikipedia entry is still a mirror representation of the mainstream Western discourse. It can not get rid of the narrative logic of "western centralism" and portray China as "the other" in the context of global digital discourse.
2.Gan Lihao,Mosaic knowledge: Wikipedia from the perspective of environmental drama theory——Taking the English 「Lao Tzu」 entry as an example,Dongyue Tribune, 2022(11) Page:67-78+19 Abstract：With the emergence of Internet open source community,human knowledge production groups began to spread from the elite to the general public,which led to significant changes in the knowledge form and knowledge production mode of human encyclopedias. This paper first analyzes the text of the 「Lao Tzu」entry in English Wikipedia,and finds that the knowledge of Wikipedia is a mosaic. Then,taking 「dramatic behavior」 as the theoretical core,and drawing on Shaykner’s 「environmental drama theory」 to observe the bee like knowledge production process of the interesting group of Wikipedia’s 「Lao Tzu」 entries,the paper analyzes the space utilization,role positioning,drama group formation and discourse power distribution in the compilation behavior of the 「wiki people」 group one by one,and further reveals the internal mechanism of the formation of mosaic knowledge. From the perspective of historical sources,the Cyber culture of mosaic knowledge production and Scheckner’s environmental drama theory have the same spiritual core. They both originated from the counter mainstream cultural movement and the new commune movement in the 1960s in the United States,which believed in transparency,integrity and shared values.
3.Gan Lihao,Research on Human-Bot Society in Wikipedia Under the Recognition Theory,Social Science Journal. 2022(05) Page:188-198 Abstract：Wikipedia is one of the most important human-bot societies in the metaverse. The human-bot society can be observed from the perspective of both「technology politics」and「recognition politics」. Under the effect of Pygmalion complex,the human-bot society in Wikipedia has experienced four stages including technology recognition,community recognition,policy recognition and value recognition. Although there is no psychological basis like human self-recognition and empathy, wiki bots are given the same action goal as humans, namely,compiling a high-quality Wikipedia. Guided by this goal,Wikipedians and wiki bots have assumed different social roles,rights and obligations,and recognized each other in complementary collaborative compilation. The humanbot community has subverted the realistic premise of the previous「recognition theory」based on the human community. Interpreting the human-bot recognition behavior in the meta universe from the perspective of「social role」can further expand the connotation and scope of the application of「recognition theory」.
4.Gan Lihao; Pang Yanru: The Production Mechanism and Legitimacy Construction of Internet Encyclopedia Knowledge:Taking the Wikipedia Entry "Diaoyu Islands" as an Example,Journalism and Mass Communication Monthly. ,12/2020, pp. 45-57. Abstract：In the Internet age,Wikipedia knowledge is an important part of human social knowledge.Its legitimacy comes from a series of ideological operations:assuming that the Internet is democratic;assuming that democracy can achieve fairness and justice;assuming that transparency can prevent manipulation;assuming that group thinking is perior to the individual thinking;assuming that the flowing content of the dictionaries can overcome the prejudice brought by space,time and culture;assuming that the editing behavior of the global netizens can achieve a true "comprehensive balance".However,from the pespetives of the text,user and platform rules,analyzing the "Senkaku Islands（Diaoyu Islands）" entry in the English Wikipedia,we can find that the main body of the item presents the characteristics of pro-Japanese,the number of pro-Japanese netizens in the editorial community greatly surpassed the pro-China netizens,and the management mechanism set by the platform could not substantially supervise the bad editing behavior of active users.On the whole,the"Diaoyu Island" entry does not achieve a true "comprehensive balance" of knowledge.In this sense,Wikipedia is not only a human knowledge storage platform,but also an international discourse struggle and negotiation platform.
5.Gan Lihao;Weng Binting;Opportunities and Challenges of China’s Foreign Communication in the Wikipedia,Journal of Social Sciences. 2019(06) Page:3-13 Abstract：As the Internet encyclopedia platform with the greatest global communication power and influence,Wikipedia,on the one hand,brings new opportunities for China to broaden its external communication path,establish its image as a great power,and enhance its international voice.On the other hand,it also brings challenges to China’s external communication work.The opportunities are as follows,such as providing agood opportunity for China to adapt to the restructuring of the global communication pattern;offering an international platform for China to"tell a good Chinese story";creating chances for Chinese netizen to better integrate into the international community,etc.The challenges are as follows:Wikipedia entries have a lot of prejudices and misunderstandings about China;Chinese-related issues are not systematically organized and maintained in multilingual Wikipedia;the Wikipedia community lacks influential Chinese-friendly online editors;and the traditional mode of external communication discourse can not adapt to the Wikipedia community.Based on this,it is urgent for China’s external communication to encourage netizen to participate in the editing activities of Wikipedia platform,actively train Wikipedia opinion leaders,and tell China’s stories while abiding by international discourse rules
6.Gan Lihao,Convention and Game: Naming Politics in the Compilation of Collective Self-Organizing Knowledge in Wikipedia, Journalism&Communication. 2022(12) Page:53-69+127
Abstract：Naming is not only a symbolic referential act that connects the signifier and the signified,but also a political and social m eta-discourse act.Unlike traditional encyclopedias,which rely on experts and scholars for naming,Wikipedia has established a collective naming system through online communities』 self-organizing norms.On the one hand,the wiki community reaches consensus on codification through agreement.On the other hand,it strategically resorts to various codification guidelines,supervisions,and punishment mechanisms,as well as dispute resolution procedures,and engages in a long-term and arduous struggle for the naming right in the global knowledge system.Based on the four aspects of community agreement,community supervision,community arbitration,and community game,Wikipedia has built its self-organizing naming mechanism.The paper combines the theoretical perspectives of self-organization innovation system and game strategy analysis.It suggests a new path to understanding naming politics.
7.GAN Li-hao, LIU Xin-yu,Knowledge and Discoursive Power: Group Compilation of Wikipedia Robots,JOURNALISM RESEARCH,2021(10),pp76-93 Abstract: There is a collective self-organizing online community in Wikipedia. In this community, not only are there many human groups from different countries, nationalities, cultures and linguistic backgrounds, but also a large number of bots with different functions, status, purposes and responsibilities. These humans and bots work together to maintain the Wiki community and improve the quality of Wikipedia entries through writing, modifying, discussing, fighting, compromising, and cooperating. In the process of entry compilation, these bots are not only enhancers of human power, but also actors with independent accounts. On the one hand, human users set a strict compilation threshold on these bots. On the other hand, these bots rely on the physical power given by virtual space, the identity power given by the Wiki community, and the algorithm power given by Wiki platform. In the process of knowledge production, preservation, classification and distribution, the machines' unique cognitive experience is gradually generated, and at the same time, "anthropocentrism" is being dispelled.
Published Wikipedia-related report: "Research Report on the Global Dissemination of 'Laozi' Philosophy on the Wikipedia Knowledge Platform"
Supervised master's theses based on the above works. As of 2023, the team, led by the principal investigator Gan Lihao, has guided the completion of 21 master's theses in the field of Wikipedia studies, out of which four have been recognized as outstanding papers.
The titles and details of these theses are as follows:
Yaqiong Zhang: "Collective Struggles and Mass Will: Discourse Contestation of Social Conflict Events in Wikipedia and Baidu Baike" (Outstanding Paper), 2017.
Weibing Zhu: "Sovereign Imagination of 'Taiwan' in Encyclopedia Entries" (Outstanding Paper), 2017.
Mi Zhao: "Suppression and Counterterrorism: Discourse Presentation of Violent Terrorist Incidents in Wikipedia and Baidu Baike," 2018.
Guan Liu: "Discourse Framework of Collaborative Editing of Workplace Safety Accident Articles on Wikipedia," 2019.
Haili Zhang: "Attribution Study of Collaborative Editing of the '3.14 Incident' Wikipedia and Baidu Baike Entries on Tibet," 2019.
Yanru Pang: "Sovereign Imagination in Collaborative Editing on Wikipedia: The Case of the Diaoyu Islands Entry," 2019.
Yonglu Guan: "Terrorism and Nationalism: Discourse Analysis of Violent Terrorism Events on Wikipedia," 2018.
Jingxian Li: "Norms and Strategies: Neutrality Principle and Collaborative Construction of Collective Knowledge on Wikipedia—A Case Study of the English '2017 China-India Border Standoff' Entry" (Outstanding Paper), 2020.
Di Wu: "Objective Principle and Knowledge Construction of Wikipedia Encyclopedia," 2020.
Binting Weng: "Consensus and Strategy: Research on the Balancing Principle of Wikipedia Encyclopedia," 2020.
Wenwen Cao: "Construction of Facts in Wikipedia Articles from the Perspective of Actor-Network Theory: A Case Study of the English Entry on 'China-US Trade War'," 2020.
Xinyu Liu: "Opening a New Era: Research on Robot Involvement in Knowledge Compilation of Wikipedia Encyclopedia," 2021.
Jin Fei: "Struggle for Disambiguation: Research on Knowledge Construction on Wikipedia—A Case Study of the English Entry on 'Macedonia'," 2021.
Jie Hu: "Internet Differentiated Knowledge: Comparative Study of Content Production Mechanisms of Wikipedia and Baidu Baike—A Case Study of the 'One-Child Policy' Entry," 2021.
Shan Lin: "Research on Knowledge Dissemination of Wikipedia Encyclopedia from a Feminist Perspective," 2022.
Huijun Xin: "Construction of Credibility in Wikipedia Information Sources: A Discussion Based on 'Russia Today' and 'Radio Free Asia'," 2022.
Xinyi Zhou: "Cross-Cultural Perspective on Knowledge Dissemination: Collaborative Compilation of the 'Laozi' Entry on Wikipedia Encyclopedia," 2022.
Danyi Chen: "Category Game: Research on Knowledge Construction of Wikipedia Encyclopedia," 2023.
Xiaoxiao Han: "Research on Voting Mechanism in Knowledge Construction of Wikipedia Encyclopedia—A Case Study of Entries Involving the 'Nanjing Massacre'," 2023.
Yuanyuan He: "Political Dimension of Diseases: Naming Research in Wikipedia Encyclopedia—A Case Study of Entries Involving 'COVID-19'," 2023.
Juan Li: "Redirection Game: Research on Knowledge Construction of Wikipedia Encyclopedia—A Case Study of Entries Involving 'Afghanistan'," 2023.
甘蒞豪（1977.10—），華東師範大學教授、博士生導師，上海市浦江人才；美國加州伯克利大學語言學系訪問學者；國家話語生態研究中心副主任；中國修辭學會常務理事，上海語文學會理事，中國新聞史學會視聽傳播專業委員會理事。其是「生命修辭學」「行為戲劇主義理論」提出者，通過聚焦人類溝通話語研究，致力於促進個體生命的自由成長、家庭氛圍的和諧和睦、國內社群的理解互通、國際社區的協商對話，人類命運共同體的和平發展。研究方向主要在家庭、國家和全球三個層面展開：基於共情修辭的家庭教育話語研究；基於言語行為的國家治理話語研究；基於數字社群的全球知識話語研究。在《新聞與傳播研究》《國際新聞界》《新聞大學》《現代傳播》等期刊發表論文數十篇。主要著作有《空間動因作用下的對舉結構》《傳播修辭學：理論、方法與案例》《中國國家形象重塑與維基百科全書知識話語研究》《維基百科政治學》（在編）等。
團隊（全球數字知識研究中心GDK，籌建中）的維基百科研究學術成果（超過100多萬字）
本人為團隊負責人，已發表7篇有關維基百科論文：
1.甘蒞豪：《「民族衝突」與「恐怖襲擊」：維基百科全書中的數字話語框架——以昆明3·1事件和倫敦6·3事件為例》《新聞與傳播研究》（CSSCI），2019年第10期
2.甘蒞豪；龐艷茹：《互聯網百科知識的生產機制及其合法性建構:以維基「釣魚島」條目為例》《新聞界》2020年12期，45-57
3.甘蒞豪：《承認理論視域下維基百科全書中的人機社會研究》[J].社會科學輯刊,2022(05):188-198.CSSCI
4.甘蒞豪：《規約與博弈：維基百科自組織知識編纂中的命名政治》《新聞與傳播研究》（CSSCI),2022年第12期，第53-70頁（2023年人大複印資料轉載）
5.甘蒞豪,翁彬婷:《中國對外傳播在維基百科平台中的機遇與挑戰》[J].社會科學,2019,No.466(06):3-13.DOI:10.13644/j.cnki.cn31-1112.2019.06.001.
6.甘蒞豪，劉欣雨：《維基百科機器人群體性編纂過程中的知識與話語權研究》《新聞大學》，2021年第10期CSSCI（76-93）（人大複印資料轉載，2022年《新聞與傳播》）
7.甘蒞豪：《馬賽克知識:環境戲劇理論視域下的維基百科全書———基於「老子」英文條目的探討》，《東嶽論叢》，2022年11期
已出版的維基百科報告： 《「老子」思想在維基百科全書知識平台全球傳播研究報告》
指導碩士論文
截止到2023年，負責人在維基百科領域指導完成碩士論文21篇，四篇被評為優秀論文，分別為：
1.張亞瓊：《群體抗爭與群眾意願：社會衝突類事件在維基百科與百度百科中的話語博弈》（優秀論文）2017
2.諸蔚冰：《「台灣」在百科詞條中的主權想象》（優秀論文）2017
3.趙咪：《鎮壓與反恐：維基百科與百度百科對暴恐事件的話語呈現》2018
4.劉冠：《維基百科生產安全事故條目協同編輯的話語框架》2019
5.張海莉：《西藏「3•14事件」維基百科和百度百科協同編輯歸因研究》2019
6.龐艷茹：《維基百科協同編輯中的主權想象：以釣魚島條目為例》2019
7.關永蕗：《「恐怖主義」與「民族主義」：維基百科暴恐類事件的話語分析》2018
8.李淨先：《規範與策略:中立性原則與維基百科群體性知識建構——以英文「2017 中印邊境對峙」條目為例》2020(優秀論文）
9.吳迪：《客觀性原則與維基百科全書的知識建構問題》2020
10.翁彬婷：《共識與策略：維基百科全書的平衡原則研究》2020
11.曹雯雯：《行動者網絡理論視域下維基百科事實建構研究——以英文條目「中美貿易戰」為例》2020
12.劉欣雨：《開啟新紀元：機器人介入維基百科全書知識編纂的研究》，2021
13.費瑾：《消歧義鬥爭：維基百科知識建構研究——以英文涉「馬其頓」條目為例》，2021
14.胡杰：《互聯網差異性知識：維基百科與百度百科內容生產機制的比較研究——以獨生子女政策條目為例？，2021
15.林珊：《女性主義視域下維基百科全書的知識傳播研究》2022
16.辛卉君：《維基百科信息源的可信度建構研究 ——基於「今日俄羅斯」和「自由亞洲電台」的討論》，2022
17.周心怡：《跨文化視域下的知識傳播：維基百科全書「老子」條目的協同編纂研究》2022年
18.陳淡宜：《分類博弈：維基百科全書的知識建構研究》2023
19.韓瀟瀟：《維基百科全書知識建構的投票機制研究——以涉「南京大屠殺」事件條目為例》
20.賀媛媛：《疾病政治：維基百科全書中的命名研究——以中英文涉「COVID-19」條目為例》，2023
21.李娟：《重定向博弈：維基百科全書的知識建構研究——以涉「阿富汗」條目為例》2023