蚌科

蚌目的一科软体动物

蚌科(學名:Unionidae),又名石蛤科珠蚌科,是軟體動物門雙殼綱古異齒類一個淡水生的物種分支,也是現時蚌目之內最大的一個科[1][2]蚌總科之下四個科之一[3]。受生長地帶所限,本科物種的分佈往往受地緣因素限制。

蚌科
The shell of a duck mussel, Anodonta anatina
科學分類 編輯
界: 動物界 Animalia
門: 軟體動物門 Mollusca
綱: 雙殼綱 Bivalvia
目: 蚌目 Unionida
科: 蚌科 Unionidae
Rafinesque, 1820[1]

見內文

分類

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由於淡水蚌類存在趨同演化現象,致使依靠物種間的型態特徵的分類存在許多爭議[4]

亞科

編輯

在華文文獻,本科被劃分為三個亞科,分別如下[5]

而根據ITIS在2014年的數據[6],蚌科物種可分為下列六個亞科,以及一個有八個屬的科地位未定群組:

另外還有其他文獻將東亞及東南亞的蚌科物種分為Pseudodontinae、Rectidentinae 及 Parreysiinae這三個亞科[7]

蚌科在全球有142屬600多種[5]。 以下為按地域分佈而分類的所有本科的屬:

遍佈各地
只在非洲
只在中美洲與墨西哥
只在東亞
只在歐洲
只在印度次大陸
  • Arcidopsis
  • Assamnaia Bolotov, Sonowal, Kardong, Pasupuleti and Subba Rao[10]
  • Lamellidens C.T.Simpson, 1900
    • Lamellidens alcobacensis (Choffat, 1885)
    • Lamellidens arungensis Takayasu, Gurung & Matsuoka, 1995
    • Lamellidens brandti Bolotov, Konopleva et Vikhrev, 2017 [11]
    • Lamellidens candaharicus (T.Hutton, 1849)
    • Lamellidens carteri (Hislop, 1860)
    • Lamellidens chindwinensis Bolotov, Konopleva, Nyein Chan, Zau Lunn, Kondakov & Vikhrev, 2022
    • Lamellidens corrianus (I.Lea, 1834)
    • Lamellidens deccanensis (J.de C.Sowerby, 1840)
    • Lamellidens ferrugineus (Annandale, 1918)
    • Lamellidens friersoni (C.T.Simpson, 1914)
    • Lamellidens generosus (A.Gould, 1847)
    • Lamellidens jammuensis Prashad, 1928
    • Lamellidens jenkinsianus (W.H.Benson, 1862)
    3
    • Lamellidens lamellatus (I.Lea, 1838)
    • Lamellidens lewisi H.E.Vokes, 1935
    • Lamellidens mainwaringi Preston, 1912
    • Lamellidens marginalis (Lamarck, 1819)
    • Lamellidens narainpirensis Preston, 1912
    • Lamellidens nongyangensis Preston, 1912
    • Lamellidens phenchooganjensis Preston, 1912
    • Lamellidens proctori Prashad, 1930
    • Lamellidens quadratus Annandale, 1924
    • Lamellidens savadiensis (G.Nevill, 1877)
    • Lamellidens unioides Nesemann & G.Sharma, 2007
    • Lamellidens vredenburgi Prashad, 1921
  • Parreysia
  • Pseudoscabies Bolotov, Sonowal, Kardong, Pasupuleti and Subba Rao
    • Pseudoscabies Bolotov, Sonowal, Kardong, Pasupuleti & Subba Rao, 2024[10]
  • Radiatula C.T.Simpson, 1900
    • Radiatula chaudhurii (Preston, 1912)
    • Radiatula chindwinensis Bolotov et al., 2019
    • Radiatula crispisulcata (W.H.Benson, 1862)
    • Radiatula humilis (I.Lea, 1856)
    • Radiatula jimuriensis (Takayasu, Gurung & Matsuoka, 1995)
    • Radiatula kachinensis Bolotov, Konopleva, Nyein Chan, Zau Lunn, Kondakov & Vikhrev, 2022
    • Radiatula kohlii (Sahni & Bhatnagar, 1957)
    • Radiatula mouhoti Vikhrev, Bolotov & Konopleva, 2017[11]
    • Radiatula myitkyinae (Prashad, 1930)
    • Radiatula myitthanensis Bolotov et al., 2019
    • Radiatula pilata (I.Lea, 1866)
    • Radiatula tenella (Takayasu, Gurung & Matsuoka, 1995)
  • Trapezoideus
只在中東
只在新畿內亞
只在北美洲
未定:
  • Trapezidens Bolotov, Vikhrev & Konopleva, 2017
    • Trapezidens angustior (Hanley & Theobald, 1876)
    • Trapezidens dolichorhynchus (Tapparone Canefri, 1889)
    • Trapezidens exolescens (A.Gould, 1843)
    • Trapezidens mogaungensis Bolotov, Konopleva, Nyein Chan, Zau Lunn, Kondakov & Vikhrev, 2022
    • Trapezidens obesa (Hanley & Theobald, 1876),為Trapezidens dolichorhynchus (Tapparone Canefri, 1889)的異名
      • Trapezidens obesa feae Kondakov, Konopleva et Vikhrev, 2017
    • Trapezidens scutum (G.B.Sowerby II, 1868)
    • Trapezidens yeti Konopleva, Bolotov, Kondakov, Kononov, Gofarov, Tomilova, Lunn, Chan, Win & Vikhrev, 2020

參考文獻

編輯
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Unionidae Rafinesque, 1820. WoRMS. [2015-04-05]. 
  2. ^ Huber, Markus. Compendium of Bivalves. A Full-color Guide to 3'300 of the World's Marine Bivalves. A Status on Bivalvia after 250 Years of Research. Hackenheim: ConchBooks. 2010: 901 pp. + CD. ISBN 978-3-939767-28-2. 
  3. ^ Unionoidea Rafinesque, 1820. WoRMS. [2015-04-05]. 
  4. ^ 魏開建. 中国蚌科的遗传多样性与系统发育的研究. 2004 [2017-10-06]. (原始內容存檔於2017-10-06) (中文(簡體)). 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 5.2 歐陽解秀. 中国蚌科动物的分子系统进化及遗传多样性研究. 南昌大學博士論文 (南昌大學). [2017-07-20]. (原始內容存檔於2017-02-02) (中文(簡體)). 
  6. ^ Unionidae. ITIS. 2014 [2014]. 
  7. ^ Ivan N. Bolotov,; Ilya V. Vikhrev; Alexander V. Kondakov; Ekaterina S. Konopleva; Mikhail Yu. Gofarov; Olga V. Aksenova; Sakboworn Tumpeesuwan. New taxa of freshwater mussels (Unionidae) from a species-rich but overlooked evolutionary hotspot in Southeast Asia. Sci Rep. 2017-09-14,. 2017; 7: 11573. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-11957-9. PMC5599626. 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 Ekgachai Jeratthitikul, Chirasak Sutcharit, Peng Bun Ngor and Pongpun Prasankok. 2021. Molecular Phylogeny reveals A New Genus of Freshwater Mussels from the Mekong River Basin (Bivalvia: Unionidae). European Journal of Taxonomy. 775(1), 119-142. DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.775.1553
  9. ^ 中国糙蚌属二新种(瓣鳃纲:蚌科). 《動物分類學報》. 1991年, (03期). 
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 Ivan N. Bolotov, Jyotish Sonowal, Devid Kardong, Rajeev Pasupuleti, Nalluri V. Subba Rao, Suresh Kumar Unnikrishnan, Mikhail Y. Gofarov, Alexander V. Kondakov, Ekaterina S. Konopleva, Artem A. Lyubas and Ilya V. Vikhrev. 2024. Discovery of an Endemism Hotspot of Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in Assam, with A Description of Two New Genera. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. zlae052. DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae052
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 引用錯誤:沒有為名為Bolotov17的參考文獻提供內容

外部連結

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