伊努克提圖特語
(重定向自因紐特語)
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伊努克提圖特語,或譯作因纽特語、因努伊特語、Eastern Canadian Inuktitut( (/ɪˈnʊktɪtʊt/; Inuktitut: [inuktiˈtut], 音節文字 ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ; from inuk, "person" + -titut, "like", "in the manner of")),是靠近北极地区的因努伊特人使用的语言,分布在加拿大北部、美国阿拉斯加北部以及格陵兰岛等地。
伊努克提圖特語 | |
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ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ | |
![]() 在北極圈地區各種因纽特语方言的分布情形。其中東因紐特語分布在哈得遜灣以東的地方,包括巴芬島南部的深藍色,紅色和粉紅色,西北格陵蘭島的棕色。 | |
母语国家和地区 | ![]() |
区域 | 西北地方、努纳齐亚福特(紐芬蘭與拉布拉多)、努納維克(魁北克)、努納福特 |
母语使用人数 | 39,475 (2016 調查)[1] 36,000 與西因紐特語 一同計算(2006)[2] |
語系 | 愛斯基摩-阿留申語系
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方言 | Qikiqtaaluk nigiani (南巴芬島方言)
|
文字 | 因紐特音節文字, 因紐特盲文、拉丁字母 |
官方地位 | |
作为官方语言 | 努纳武特、努納維克、西北地方、努納齊亞福特(加拿大) |
承认少数语言 | 魁北克(努納維克) 紐芬蘭與拉布拉多(努納齊亞福特) 育空(西因紐特移民區) |
管理机构 | Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami和其他的當地機構 |
語言代碼 | |
ISO 639-1 | iu Inuktitut |
ISO 639-2 | iku Inuktitut |
ISO 639-3 | iku ——囊括代码 Inuktitut各项代码: ike – 東因紐特語ikt – 因努因阿克頓語 |
Glottolog | east2534 Eastern Canadian Inuktitut[3] |
ELP | Inuktitut |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Inuktitut_dialect_map.png/250px-Inuktitut_dialect_map.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Inuktitut.png/220px-Inuktitut.png)
伊努克提圖特語有四个母音-a、i、u、e,子音有13-21个,重音取决于音节的长度,和亚洲一些语言相似。伊努克提圖特語有大量的后缀,但没有前缀和复合词,現今的伊努克提圖特語从俄语、英语以及楚克奇语中吸收了许多借词。書寫時通常使用和克里語相似的音節文字。
伊努克提圖特語有两种方言,可以互通,大部分因纽特人都能說当地的主流语言,一般都是說双语者。伊努克提圖特語和阿留申语相邻,两种语言有一定的亲缘关系,同属爱斯基摩-阿留申语系,但不能互通。
註釋
编辑- ^ Census in Brief: The Aboriginal languages of First Nations people, Métis and Inuit. www12.statcan.gc.ca. [2017-11-12]. (原始内容存档于2017-11-07) (英语).
- ^ Various Languages Spoken (147), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census – 20% Sample Data (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) and Selected Language Characteristics (165), Aboriginal Identity (8), Age Groups (7), Sex (3) and Area of Residence (6) for the Population of Canada, Provinces and Territories, 2006 Census – 20% Sample Data (Total – Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal identity population (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (编). Eastern Canadian Inuktitut. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016.
參考文獻
编辑- Mallon, Mick. Inuktitut Linguistics for Technocrats. Inuktitutcomputing.ca. [2018-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2017-10-11).
- Mallon, Mick. Introductory Inuktitut. 1991. ISBN 0-7717-0230-2.
- Mallon, Mick. Introductory Inuktitut Reference Grammar. ISBN 0-7717-0235-3.
- Spalding, Alex. Inuktitut: A multi-dialectal outline dictionary (with an Aivilingmiutaq base). 1998 [2018-08-05]. ISBN 1-896204-29-5. (原始内容存档于2013-01-01).
- Spalding, Alex. Inuktitut: a Grammar of North Baffin Dialects. 1992. ISBN 0-920063-43-8.
- The Inuktitut Language. Project Naming | the identification of Inuit portrayed in photographic collections at Library and Archives Canada. Collectionscanada.ca. [2018-08-05]. (原始内容存档于2006-10-28).
- Arctic Languages: An Awakening (PDF). [2018-08-05]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-07-21). (2.68 MB), ed: Dirmid R. F. Collis. ISBN 92-3-102661-5.
Although as many of the examples as possible are novel or extracted from Inuktitut texts, some of the examples in this article are drawn from Introductory Inuktitut and Inuktitut Linguistics for Technocrats.
延伸閱讀
编辑- Allen, Shanley. Aspects of Argument Structure Acquisition in Inuktitut. Language acquisition & language disorders, v. 13. Philadelphia: John Benjamins Pub, 1996. ISBN 1-55619-776-4
- Balt, Peter. Inuktitut Affixes. Rankin Inlet? N.W.T.: s.n, 1978.
- Fortescue, Michael, Steven Jacobson, and Lawrence Kaplan. Comparative Eskimo Dictionary with Aleut Cognates – second edition. Fairbanks: University of Alaska Press, 2011. ISBN 1555001092.
- Kalmar, Ivan. Case and Context in Inuktitut (Eskimo). Mercury series. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada, 1979.
- Nowak, Elke. Transforming the Images Ergativity and Transitivity in Inuktitut (Eskimo). Empirical approaches to language typology, 15. New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1996. ISBN 3-11-014980-X
- Schneider, Lucien. Ulirnaisigutiit An Inuktitut–English Dictionary of Northern Québec, Labrador, and Eastern Arctic Dialects (with an English-Inuktitut Index). Québec: Les Presses de l'Université Laval, 1985.
- Spalding, Alex, and Thomas Kusugaq. Inuktitut A Multi-Dialectal Outline Dictionary (with an Aivilingmiutaq Base). Iqaluit, NT: Nunavut Arctic College, 1998. ISBN 1-896204-29-5
- Swift, Mary D. Time in Child Inuktitut A Developmental Study of an Eskimo–Aleut Language[失效連結]. Studies on language acquisition, 24. Berlin: M. de Gruyter, 2004. ISBN 3-11-018120-7
- Thibert, Arthur. Eskimo–English, English–Eskimo Dictionary = Inuktitut–English, English–Inuktitut Dictionary. Ottawa: Laurier Books, 1997. ISBN 1-895959-12-8
外部連結
编辑维基百科提供如下语言版本:伊努克提圖特語维基百科