| 輔音／子音
|
|---|
| IPA |
範例 |
漢語描述
|
|---|
| b
|
buy, cab |
濁音的b；閩南語「閩」
| | d
|
dye, cad |
濁音的d；吳語「甜」
| | ð
|
thy, breathe, father |
無此音
| | dʒ
|
giant, badge, jam |
無此音；衢州話「陳」
| | f
|
phi, caff, fan |
同漢語f
| | ɡ (ɡ)[1] |
guy, bag |
濁音的g；閩南語「五」、吳語「共」
| | h
|
high, ahead |
喉音的h；閩南語和粵語的「海」
| | j
|
yes, yacht |
同漢語y
| | k
|
sky, crack |
同漢語g或k
| | l
|
lie, sly, gal |
同漢語l
| | m
|
my, smile, cam |
同漢語m
| | n
|
nigh, snide, can |
同漢語n
| | ŋ
|
sang, sink, singer |
同漢語ng
| | ŋɡ
|
finger, anger
| | θ
|
thigh, math |
無此音
| | p
|
pie, spy, cap |
同漢語b或p
| | r
|
rye, try, very[2] |
類似r或兒化音
| | s
|
sigh, mass |
同漢語s
| | ʃ
|
shy, cash, emotion |
類似漢語xu
| | t
|
tie, sty, cat, atom |
同漢語d或t
| | tʃ
|
China, catch |
類似漢語qu
| | v
|
vie, have |
濁音的f；吳語「飯」
| | w
|
wye, swine |
同漢語w
| | hw
|
why[3] | | z
|
zoo, has |
濁音的s
| | ʒ
|
pleasure, vision, beige[4] |
無此音；衢州話「床」
| | 罕见輔音
|
|---|
| x
|
ugh, loch, Chanukah[5] |
同漢語h
| | ʔ
|
uh-oh /ˈʌʔoʊ/ |
「西安」的「安」的開頭
|
|
| 元音／母音
|
|---|
| IPA |
完全元音 |
……後面接 R
|
|---|
| ɑː
|
baht, father
|
ɑr
|
bard, barn, snarl, star（/ɑːr./ 亦可）
| | ɒ
|
pod, John, doll
|
ɒr
|
moral, forage
| | æ
|
pad, shall, ban
|
ær
|
barrow, marry
| | aɪ
|
ride, file, fine, pie
|
aɪər
|
fire (/aɪr./)
| | aʊ
|
loud, foul, down, how
|
aʊər
|
hour (/aʊr./)
| | ɛ
|
bed, fell, men
|
ɛr
|
error, merry
| | eɪ
|
made, fail, vein, pay
|
ɛər
|
scared, scarce, cairn, Mary (/eɪr./)
| | ɪ
|
lid, fill, bin
|
ɪr
|
mirror, Sirius
| | iː
|
seed, feel, mean, sea
|
ɪər
|
beard, fierce, serious (/iːr./)
| | ɔː
|
Maud, dawn, fall, straw
|
ɔr
|
born, for, aural (/ɔːr./)
| | ɔɪ
|
void, foil, coin, boy
|
ɔɪər
|
loir, coir (/ɔɪr./)
| | oʊ
|
code, foal, bone, go
|
ɔər
|
boar, more, oral (/oʊr./)
| | ʊ
|
good, full, woman
|
ʊr
|
courier
| | uː
|
food, fool, soon, chew
|
ʊər
|
boor, moor, tourist (/uːr./)
| | juː
|
cued, cute, mule, tune, queue
|
jʊər
|
cure
| | ʌ
|
mud, dull, gun
|
ʌr
|
borough, hurry
| | ɜr
|
word, girl, fern, furry (/ɝː/)
| | 弱化元音
|
|---|
| ə
|
Rosa’s, a mission
|
ər
|
perform（/ɚ/ 亦可）
| | ɨ
|
roses, emission （ɪ 或 ə）
|
ən
|
button
| | ɵ
|
omission （oʊ 或 ə）
|
əm
|
rhythm
| | ʉ
|
beautiful, curriculum ([jʉ]) （ʊ 或 ə）
|
əl
|
bottle
| | i
|
serious （ɪ 或 iː）
|
ᵊ, ⁱ
|
（元音經常弱化：nasturtium）
| |
| | 重音
|
音節劃分
|
|---|
| IPA |
範例
|
IPA |
範例
|
|---|
| ˈ
|
intonation /ˌɪntɵˈneɪʃən/,
battleship /ˈbætəlʃɪp/
|
.
|
shellfish /ˈʃɛl.fɪʃ/, selfish /ˈsɛlf.ɨʃ/
nitrate /ˈnaɪ.treɪt/, night-rate /ˈnaɪt.reɪt/
hire /ˈhaɪər/, higher /ˈhaɪ.ər/
moai /ˈmoʊ.aɪ/, Windhoek /ˈvɪnt.hʊk/
Vancouveria /væn.kuːˈvɪəriə/
| | ˌ
|
|
