 | 這頁是維基百科的夏威夷語國際音標發音指南。 | |
下表显示了國際音標中夏威夷語的发音的方式。有关在维基百科文章中添加IPA字符的指南,请参见{{IPA-haw}}和维基百科:格式手册/音标 § Notes。
请参阅夏威夷语语音,以更全面地了解夏威夷語的发音。
辅音
|
IPA |
举例 |
英语近似发音
|
h
|
Honolulu
|
hat
|
j
|
Mauna Kea [ˈkɛjə][1]
|
yes
|
k
|
Kamehameha[2]
|
sky
|
l
|
Honolulu, Lānaʻi
|
lean
|
m
|
Maui
|
moon
|
n
|
Lānaʻi[3]
|
note
|
p
|
Pele
|
spy
|
t
|
Waikīkī, wikiwiki[2]
|
steal
|
v
|
wikiwiki[4]
|
vision
|
w
|
Loa [ˈlowə], Kīlauea [tiːlɐwˈwɛjə][4]
|
wall
|
ʔ
|
Hawaiʻi, Oʻahu
|
uh-oh! ( 卡在喉咙里)
|
重音
|
IPA |
举例 |
备注
|
ˈ
|
Honolulu [honoˈlulu]
|
加在重读音节之前[5]
|
|
元音
|
IPA |
举例 |
英语近似发音
|
aː
|
Lānaʻi
|
father
|
ɐ
|
Oʻahu, Molokaʻi[6]
|
nut
|
ə
|
Hawaiʻi, Mauna Loa[6]
|
sofa
|
eː
|
Kēōkea
|
hey
|
ɛ
|
Pele[7]
|
bed
|
e
|
Kahoʻolawe[7]
|
西班牙语 seta
|
iː
|
Waikīkī
|
peel
|
i
|
wikiwiki
|
西班牙语 hijo
|
oː
|
ʻōʻū
|
more
|
o
|
Honolulu
|
西班牙语 loco
|
uː
|
ʻōʻū
|
moon
|
u
|
Honolulu
|
西班牙语 tuyo
|
双元音
|
短双元音
|
ju
|
kiu
|
cue
|
ow
|
kākou
|
mole
|
o̯i
|
poi
|
queen
|
ew
|
heu
|
葡萄牙语和西班牙语 neutro
|
ej
|
lei
|
May
|
ɐw
|
Mauna[8]
|
cow
|
ɐj
|
Waikīkī[8]
|
light
|
ɐo̯
|
haole
|
意大利语 ciao
|
ɐe̯
|
koaea
|
日语 kaeru
|
长双元音
|
oːw
|
ʻōuli
|
no way
|
eːj
|
kēia
|
may you
|
aːw
|
kāu
|
RP far west
|
aːj
|
kāia
|
RP far younger
|
aːo̯
|
ʻāoka
|
crowd
|
aːe̯
|
māea
|
[比如?]
|
|
- ^ The y sound [j] is not written, but appears between a front vowel (i, e) and a non-front vowel (a, o, u)
- ^ 2.0 2.1 [k] and [t], spelled k, are variants of a single consonant. [k] is almost universal at the beginnings of words, while [t] is most common before the vowel i. [t] is also more common in the western dialects, as on Kauaʻi, while [k] predominates on the Big Island.
- ^ In some dialects the letter l tends to be pronounced [n], especially in words with an n in them. On the western islands it tends to be pronounced as a tap, [ɾ].
- ^ 4.0 4.1 [w] and [v], spelled w, are variants of a single consonant. [w] is the norm after back vowels u, o, while [v] is the norm after front vowels i, e. Initially and after the central vowel a, as in Hawaiʻi, they are found in free variation. [w] also occurs, though it is usually not written, between a back vowel (u, o) and a non-back vowel (i, e, a).
- ^ Stress falls on the penultimate vowel, with diphthongs and long vowels counting as two (that is, a final long vowel or diphthong will be stressed). Longer words may have a second stressed vowel, whose position is not predictable.
- ^ 6.0 6.1 Short a is pronounced [ɐ] when stressed and [ə] when not.
- ^ 7.0 7.1 Short e is [ɛ] when stressed and generally when next to l, n, or another syllable with a [ɛ]; otherwise it is [e].
- ^ 8.0 8.1 In rapid speech, /ɐw/ and /ɐj/ tend to be pronounced [ɔw] and [ɛj], respectively.