晝夜節律

晝夜節律（英語：circadian rhythm）又稱日夜節律、概日節律、日變週期、生理時鐘（physiological clock），是一種生理現象，以內源性、持續的，呈現以約24小時為周期的變動；由日變時鐘（circadian clock）所驅動。包括植物、動物、真菌等，都被觀察到有類似生理變化。英語 circadian 源自拉丁語 circa，為大約、大概的意思；拉丁語 diem 是一天、一日之意。合起來，在字面上的意思，是大約一天。

人類晝夜節律（24小時）生物鐘的一些特性

晝夜振盪器（circadian oscillator）則是驅動晝夜節律的中樞機制，使生物的生理節律與晝夜周期相一致，以近24小時為周期而振盪的節律，由基因產物作用於基因啟動子所組成的反饋迴路或其他反饋迴路。

2017年來自美國的三位遺傳學家傑弗理·霍爾（Jeffrey Hall）、邁克爾·羅斯巴希（Michael Rosbash）和邁克爾·揚（Michael Young）因發現控制晝夜節律的分子機制而共同贏得了諾貝爾生理醫學獎。

延伸閱讀

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