CXCL12

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12
Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12
	PDB rendering based on 1a15.
有效結構
PDB	直系同源檢索：PDBe, RCSB
PDB查詢代碼列表
	1A15, 1QG7, 1SDF, 1VMC, 2J7Z, 2K01, 2K03, 2K04, 2K05, 2KEC, 2KED, 2KEE, 2KOL, 2NWG, 2SDF, 3GV3, 3HP3
標識
代號	CXCL12; IRH; PBSF; SCYB12; SDF1; SDF1A; SDF1B; TLSF; TPAR1
擴展標識	遺傳學：600835 鼠基因：103556 同源基因：128606 GeneCards: CXCL12 Gene
基因本體論描述
分子功能	· receptor binding; · chemokine activity; · growth factor activity; · CXCR chemokine receptor binding;
細胞成分	· extracellular region; · extracellular space; · external side of plasma membrane;
生物過程	· patterning of blood vessels; · ameboidal cell migration; · cellular calcium ion homeostasis; · chemotaxis; · immune response; · cell adhesion; · signal transduction; · G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway; · germ cell development; · brain development; · blood circulation; · motor neuron axon guidance; · regulation of actin polymerization or depolymerization; · germ cell migration; · response to virus; · T cell proliferation; · negative regulation of apoptotic process; · induction of positive chemotaxis; · chemokine-mediated signaling pathway; · positive regulation of monocyte chemotaxis; · negative regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process;
	Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA表達模式
	更多表達數據
直系同源體
物種	人類
Entrez	6387
Ensembl	ENSG00000107562
UniProt	P48061
mRNA序列	NM_000609
蛋白序列	NP_000600
基因位置	Chr 10:; 44.79 – 44.88 Mb
PubMed查詢	[1]
	閱; 論; 編;

趨化因子CXCL12 又稱基質細胞衍生因子－1(SDF-1)是小分子的細胞因子，屬於趨化因子蛋白家族。它有兩種形式，SDF-1α/CXCL12a和SDF-1β/CXCL12b^[1]。趨化因子有四個保守的半胱氨酸殘基形成兩對雙硫鍵以構成趨化因子的特殊結構。第一第二半胱氨酸殘基之間隔着一個介入氨基酸殘基。

趨化因子CXCL12對淋巴細胞有強烈的趨化作用並在發育中起重要作用^[2]。在胚胎發育中CXCL12引導造血幹細胞從胎兒肝臟到骨髓的遷徙。CXCL12基因敲除的小鼠往往在胎中或出生後1小時內死亡^[3]^[4]。SDF-1α/CXCL12a還可以影響神經元的電生理。CXCL12可以在許多組織（包括腦，胸腺，心，肺，肝，腎，骨髓，脾臟）中表達。

趨化因子CXCL12的受體是CXCR4^[5]。但是，最近有人認為CXCL12還可以與CXCR7受體結合^[6]。

參考文獻

^ De La Luz Sierra et al. Differential processing of stromal-derived factor-1alpha and beta explains functional diversity. Blood 103:2452-2459, 2004.
^ Bleul et al. A highly efficacious lymphocyte chemoattractant, stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1). J. Exp. Med. 184: 1101-1109, 1996.
^ Ara et al. Impaired colonization of the gonads by primordial germ cells in mice lacking a chemokine, stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1). Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 100: 5319-5323, 2003.
^ Ma et al. Impaired B-lymphopoiesis, myelopoiesis, and derailed cerebellar neuron migration in CXCR4- and SDF-1-deficient mice. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 95: 9448-9453, 1998.
^ Bleul et al. The lymphocyte chemoattractant SDF-1 is a ligand for LESTR/fusin and blocks HIV-1 entry. Nature 382: 829-833, 1996.
^ Balabanian et al. The chemokine SDF-1/CXCl12 binds to and signals through the orphan receptor RDC1 in T lymphocytes. J Biol Chem 280:35760-35766, 2005.

[1] De La Luz Sierra et al. Differential processing of stromal-derived factor-1alpha and beta explains functional diversity. Blood 103:2452-2459, 2004.

[2] Bleul et al. A highly efficacious lymphocyte chemoattractant, stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1). J. Exp. Med. 184: 1101-1109, 1996.

[3] Ara et al. Impaired colonization of the gonads by primordial germ cells in mice lacking a chemokine, stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1). Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 100: 5319-5323, 2003.

[4] Ma et al. Impaired B-lymphopoiesis, myelopoiesis, and derailed cerebellar neuron migration in CXCR4- and SDF-1-deficient mice. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 95: 9448-9453, 1998.

[5] Bleul et al. The lymphocyte chemoattractant SDF-1 is a ligand for LESTR/fusin and blocks HIV-1 entry. Nature 382: 829-833, 1996.

[6] Balabanian et al. The chemokine SDF-1/CXCl12 binds to and signals through the orphan receptor RDC1 in T lymphocytes. J Biol Chem 280:35760-35766, 2005.

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