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古茶拉底人

族群

古茶拉底人（古茶拉底語：ગુજરાતી）是一個來自印度古茶拉底邦的傳統族群，講古茶拉底語，其屬於印度-雅利安語支。古茶拉底人在創業和企業活動中占有一席之地，聖雄甘地、瓦拉巴伊·帕特爾等人物在印度獨立運動與英屬印度的鬥爭中發揮了歷史性作用。[15][16][17][18]巴基斯坦的建立者穆罕默德·阿里·真納是古茶拉底人。印度現任總理納倫德拉·莫迪和亞洲首富穆克什·安巴尼也是古茶拉底人。

古茶拉底人
Gujaratis
ગુજરાતી
總人口
約6000萬[1]
分佈地區
 印度55,492,554[2]
 巴基斯坦1,000,000–3,000,000[3][4]
 美國500,000–1,700,000[5][6][7]
 英國600,000[8]
 肯亞285,000[9]
 加拿大122,460[10]
 澳洲52,888[11]
 阿曼34,900[12]
 葡萄牙30,000[13]
 紐西蘭26,622[14]
 南非300,000
語言
古茶拉底語
宗教信仰
主體:
印度教
少數:
相關族群
印度-雅利安人

地理位置

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歷史

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社會分層

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飲食

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文學

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古茶拉底民俗

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著名人物

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圖片

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參見

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參考文獻

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  1. ^ Jaffrelot, Christophe. Narendra Modi between Hindutva and subnationalism: The Gujarati asmita of a Hindu Hriday Samrat. India Review (Taylor & Francis Group). 2016-05-09, 15 (2): 196–217. doi:10.1080/14736489.2016.1165557. 
  2. ^ Scheduled Languages in descending order of speaker's strength - 2011 (PDF). Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. [2019-10-22]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2018-11-14）. 
  3. ^ 古茶拉底人於《民族語》的連結（第20版，2017年）
  4. ^ Rehman, Zia Ur. With a handful of subbers, two newspapers barely keeping Gujarati alive in Karachi. Karachi: The News International. 18 August 2015 [2019-10-22]. （原始內容存檔於2018-12-26）. 
  5. ^ Joel Millman. The other Americans: how immigrants renew our country, our economy, and our values. Pennsylvania State University. 1998: 170 [28 February 2017]. ISBN 9780140242171. There are over half a million Gujarati in America today. 
  6. ^ Dan Mayur. Living Dreams. Mehta Publishing House. 2017: 335 [28 February 2017]. ISBN 9789386342140. （原始內容存檔於2020-07-05）. Nevertheless, the half or million so Gujaratis in the United States, referred to as Gujjus, are entrepreneurial by nature... 
  7. ^ Michel, Patrick; Possamai, Adam; Turner, Bryan. Religions, Nations, and Transnationalism in Multiple Modernities. Springer. 2017-04-20: 163 [2019-10-22]. ISBN 9781137580115. （原始內容存檔於2020-09-22）. 
  8. ^ 引用錯誤：沒有為名為ukncgo.org的參考文獻提供內容
  9. ^ Raymond Brady Williams. An Introduction to Swaminarayan Hinduism. University Press, Cambridge. 2001: 208 [5 February 2015]. ISBN 978-0-521-65279-7. Temple building is a sign of the growth in numbers and the increased prosperity of the Gujarati immigrants...The two decades between 1950 and 1969 were a heady period of success for the Gujaratis of East Africa... Michael Lyon observed that the Gujaratis acquired a new role in the colonial economics of East Africa, and ultimately a tragic one. They became a privileged racial estate under British protection. The Indian population in Kenya increased from 43,625 in 1931 to 176,613 in 1962... More than 80 percent were Gujaratis. 
  10. ^ NHS Profile, Canada, 2011, Census Data. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada. [4 February 2015]. （原始內容存檔於2019-01-07）. 
  11. ^ Census shows Indian population and languages have exponentially grown in Australia. SBS Australia. [28 June 2017]. （原始內容存檔於2019-04-06）. 
  12. ^ Bharat Yagnik. Oman was Gujaratis' first stop in their world sweep. The Times of India. [5 February 2015]. （原始內容存檔於2019-01-07）. Oman's capital Muscat was the first home for Gujarati traders away from the subcontinent. The Bhatia community from Kutch was the first among all Gujaratis to settle overseas — relocating to Muscat as early as 1507! The Bhatias' settlement in the Gulf is emphasized by Hindu places of worship, seen there since the 16th century. As historian Makrand Mehta asserts, "Business and culture go together." 
  13. ^ Rita d'Ávila Cachado. Samosas And Saris:Informal Economies In The Informal City Among Portuguese Hindu families. [4 February 2015]. （原始內容存檔於2021-09-29）. The Hindus in Great Lisbon have similarities with Hindus in the United Kingdom: they are mostly from a Gujarati background and migrated from ex-colonial countries. Yet the colonial system they came from was mostly Portuguese, both in India and in East Africa... Nevertheless, a realistic estimate is that there are about 30,000 Hindus in Portugal. That includes Hindu-Gujaratis, who migrated in the early 1980s, as well as Hindu migrants from all parts of India and Bangladesh, who migrated in the late 1990s. 
  14. ^ Rupesh Patel. The indian despora in New Zealand by todd nachowitz (PDF). [4 February 2015]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2018-10-23）. The Gujarati in New Zealand : they are mostly from a Gujarati background around 15.3 % in 2014. so there are about 26,622 Gujarati out of 176,000 Indian New Zealander in New Zealand. That includes mostly Hindu-Gujaratis, who migrated from Gujarat state 
  15. ^ M. K. Gandhi. Hind Swaraj: Indian Home Rule. Sarva Seva Sangh Prakashan. 2014 [11 December 2015]. ISBN 9789383982165. 
  16. ^ Minahan, James B. Ethnic groups of South Asia and the Pacific : an encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. 2012: 90 [12 December 2015]. ISBN 978-1598846591. Anti-British sentiment led to a strong Gujarati participation in the Indian independence movement. 
  17. ^ Yagnik, Achyut; Sheth, Suchitra. The shaping of modern Gujarat : plurality, Hindutva, and beyond. New Delhi: Penguin Books. 2005 [12 December 2015]. ISBN 978-0144000388. 
  18. ^ Gujarati communities across the globe : memory, identity and continuity. Mawani, Sharmina., Mukadam, Anjoom A. Stoke-on-Trent: Trentham Books. 2012. ISBN 9781858565026. OCLC 779242654. 
  19. ^ Bloomberg - Are you a robot?. www.bloomberg.com. [2019-05-29]. （原始內容存檔於2020-09-19）. 
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