动脉硬度

动脉硬度（英文：Arterial stiffness）随自然老化（英语：Senescence）与动脉硬化渐增。

发炎是动脉硬化进展的主因，因此发炎也成为大动脉硬化的推手。^[1] 动脉硬度的增加与发生心肌梗死及中风等心血管疾病的风险呈正相关（心肌梗死及中风是发达国家的两个主要死因）。发生在富含弹性蛋白的动脉的许多种老化被认为与血管逐渐硬化有关。

2018年4月，美国心脏医学会（英语：American Heart Association）旗下的《高血压 Hypertension》期刊曾发布一篇论文表示，童年时期和成年时期的气喘病史和老年时的动脉硬化（包含主动脉硬化）几率在统计上有相关性，若气喘合并体重过重和高血压等病史，则相关性将再进一步提高。^[2]^[3]研究人员推测，这可能与气喘导致的血管长期发炎有关。^[2]^[3] 论文指出，有气喘病史的人，应该从小就定期监测血压、更着重心脏保健，例如：不抽烟、控制胆固醇、减去多余的体重、健康饮食、规律运动。^[2]^[3]

研究指出，长期规律的有氧运动对心脏血管健康带来的正面影响会逆转先天基因不良因素对心脏血管带所来的负面影响，最终将使心血管疾病的发病率下降。^[4]^[5]

测量

动脉硬度目前皆以非侵入式间接测量或推导：^[6]

动脉管径变化与动脉压力变化的关系
脉波传导速度
脉波波形分析

参考文献

^ Mozos I, Malainer C, Horbańczuk J, Gug C, Stoian D, Luca CT, Atanasov AG. Inflammatory Markers for Arterial Stiffness in Cardiovascular Diseases （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Front Immunol. 2017 Aug 31;8:1058. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01058.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Asthma as a kid may mean stiffer arteries as an adult. News on Heart.org. 2018-04-09 [2018-04-12]. （原始内容存档于2018-07-14）.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 History of Asthma From Childhood and Arterial Stiffness in Asymptomatic Young AdultsNovelty and Significance. Hypertension (Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)). 2018-04-09, 71 (5): 928–936. ISSN 0194-911X. doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.10916.
^ Exercise could outsmart genetics when it comes to heart disease. News on Heart.org. 2018-04-09 [2018-04-12]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.
^ Associations of Fitness, Physical Activity, Strength, and Genetic Risk With Cardiovascular Disease: Longitudinal Analyses in the UK Biobank Study. Circulation (Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)). 2018-04-09: CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032432. ISSN 0009-7322. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.117.032432.
^ Sakuragi, Satoru; Abhayaratna, Walter P. Arterial stiffness: Methods of measurement, physiologic determinants and prediction of cardiovascular outcomes. International Journal of Cardiology. 2010, 138 (2): 112–118. ISSN 0167-5273. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.04.027.

[1] Mozos I, Malainer C, Horbańczuk J, Gug C, Stoian D, Luca CT, Atanasov AG. Inflammatory Markers for Arterial Stiffness in Cardiovascular Diseases （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Front Immunol. 2017 Aug 31;8:1058. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01058.

[News_on_Heart.org_2018-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Asthma as a kid may mean stiffer arteries as an adult. News on Heart.org. 2018-04-09 [2018-04-12]. （原始内容存档于2018-07-14）.

[Ovid_Technologies_(Wolters_Kluwer_Health)_pp._928–936-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 History of Asthma From Childhood and Arterial Stiffness in Asymptomatic Young AdultsNovelty and Significance. Hypertension (Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)). 2018-04-09, 71 (5): 928–936. ISSN 0194-911X. doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.10916.

[News_on_Heart.org_2018_II-4] Exercise could outsmart genetics when it comes to heart disease. News on Heart.org. 2018-04-09 [2018-04-12]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.

[Ovid_Technologies_(Wolters_Kluwer_Health)_p=CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032432-5] Associations of Fitness, Physical Activity, Strength, and Genetic Risk With Cardiovascular Disease: Longitudinal Analyses in the UK Biobank Study. Circulation (Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)). 2018-04-09: CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032432. ISSN 0009-7322. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.117.032432.

[SakuragiAbhayaratna2010-6] Sakuragi, Satoru; Abhayaratna, Walter P. Arterial stiffness: Methods of measurement, physiologic determinants and prediction of cardiovascular outcomes. International Journal of Cardiology. 2010, 138 (2): 112–118. ISSN 0167-5273. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.04.027.

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