芬多精
此條目已列出參考文獻,但因為沒有文內引註而使來源仍然不明。 (2022年4月23日) |
芬多精(英語:Phytoncide)是植物所釋放抗菌揮發性有機化合物之統稱,種類約為5,000種,主要功能為抵禦細菌、真菌及昆蟲。芬多精在植物體內是液態精油,可由根、莖、葉、花、果揮發至空氣中。
芬多精一詞最早由俄羅斯國立列寧格勒大學生化學教授Boris P. Tokin博士於1930年提出,他發現有些植物會釋放高活性物質,避免植物本身腐爛,或被昆蟲、動物所食。
大多數植物都具有芬多精,而針葉樹林的揮發量又多於闊葉樹林。以柳杉為主的針葉林芬多精主要以檸檬烯為主,樟樹為主的闊葉林則以芳樟醇居多。其他較知名的芬多精種類包括:橡樹含有 greenery alcohol,蒜含有大蒜素及二烯丙基二硫,苦參含有槐黃烷酮G,松屬植物會釋放alpha-蒎烯、3-蒈烯、香葉烯及其他萜烯。
參考編輯
文獻編輯
- ¿Que son las fitoncidas, phytoncides, fitoncida o phytoncide? fendorquin el gran secreto del bosque shinrin yoku baños de bosque(西班牙文) What are phytoncides, phytoncides, phytoncide or phytoncide the great secret of the forest shinrin yoku forest baths. Ifm international forest medicine. 2007-09-01 [2007-09-01]. (原始內容存檔於2020-10-24) (en-ES). </ref>
- Jung, J. Antibakterielle und antifungale Hemmstoffe in höheren Pflanzen Literaturübersicht. Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt' (Heidelberg: Springer Berlin). 1964-11, 83 (11-12): 358–374. ISSN 0015-8003 (德語).
- Tambiev AKh, Agaverdiev ASh. The ability of volatile fractions of certain phytoncide-forming compounds to increase the chemiluminescence of oleic acid Biofizika. 1966;11(1):175-7. (in Russian)
- MULLER-DIETZ H. Phytoncides and phytoncide therapy - Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1956 Jun 15;81(24):983-4. (Article in German)
- The phytoncide activity of several varieties of garlic stored for different periods of time Vopr Pitan. 1974 Nov-Dec;(6):61-2. (in Russian)
- Li Q, Nakadai A, Matsushima H, Miyazaki Y, Krensky AM, Kawada T, Morimoto K. Phytoncides (wood essential oils) induce human natural killer cell activity. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2006;28(2):319-33.
- Li Q, Kobayashi M, Wakayama Y, Inagaki H, Katsumata M, Hirata Y, Hirata K, Shimizu T, Kawada T, Park BJ, Ohira T, Kagawa T, Miyazaki Y. Effect of phytoncide from trees on human natural killer cell function. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2009 Oct-Dec;22(4):951-9.
- Li Q, Morimoto K, Kobayashi M, Inagaki H, Katsumata M, Hirata Y, Hirata K, Shimizu T, Li YJ, Wakayama Y, Kawada T, Ohira T, Takayama N, Kagawa T, Miyazaki Y. A forest bathing trip increases human natural killer activity and expression of anti-cancer proteins in female subjects. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2008 Jan-Mar;22(1):45-55.
- Li Q, Morimoto K, Kobayashi M, Inagaki H, Katsumata M, Hirata Y, Hirata K, Suzuki H, Li YJ, Wakayama Y, Kawada T, Park BJ, Ohira T, Matsui N, Kagawa T, Miyazaki Y, Krensky AM. Visiting a forest, but not a city, increases human natural killer activity and expression of anti-cancer proteins. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2008 Jan-Mar;21(1):117-27.