大幹道

大幹道（印地語：ग्रैंड ट्रंक रोड；英語：Grand Trunk Road）連接了中亞地區和印度次大陸，是亞洲最古老的主要幹道之一^[1]。它全長3670千米^[2]，從孟加拉國的科克斯巴扎爾到阿富汗的喀布爾^[3]^[4]，經過了吉大港、達卡、加爾各答、德里和拉合爾^[5]^[6]。孔雀王朝的旃陀羅笈多於前3世紀修築了縱貫古代北印度（Uttarapatha）的高速公路^[7]^[8]，其後繼者阿育王也對該道路進行了修築。這條道路在英國殖民的1833至1860年被大規模翻修^[9]。

幾個世紀以來，這條公路一直是該地區的主要貿易路線之一，為旅行和郵政通訊提供了便利。大主幹道仍在當今的印度次大陸上用於運輸，該地區的部分道路已經拓寬並納入了國家高速公路系統^[10]。

圖集

^ UNESCO, Caravanserais along the Grand Trunk Road in Pakistan （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
^ GlobalSecurity.org: Grand Trunk Road. [2020-09-02]. （原始內容存檔於2019-12-10）.
^ Steel, Tim. A road to empires. Dhaka Tribune. 1 January 2015 [2016-07-19]. （原始內容存檔於2016-02-11）.
^ Jhimli Mukherjee Pandey. Cuisine along G T Road. The Times of India (Calcutta). 15 September 2015 [2016-07-19]. （原始內容存檔於2017-01-05）.
^ Khanna, Parag. How to Redraw the World Map. The New York Times. [2016-07-19]. ISSN 0362-4331. （原始內容存檔於2016-08-19）.
^ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. Sites along the Uttarapath, Badshahi Sadak, Sadak-e-Azam, Grand Trunk Road. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2018-12-26]. （原始內容存檔於2018-12-26）（英語）.
^ Vadime Elisseeff, p. 159-162, The Silk Roads: Highways of Culture and Commerce （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
^ Farooqui Salma Ahmed, p. 234, A Comprehensive History of Medieval India: From Twelfth to the Mid-Eighteenth Century （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
^ David Arnold (historian); Science, technology, and medicine in colonial India (New Cambr hist India v.III.5) Cambridge University Press, 2000, 234 pages p. 106 （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
^ Singh, Raghubir. The Grand Trunk Road: A Passage Through India First. Aperture Books. 1995.

Farooque, Abdul Khair Muhammad (1977), Roads and Communications in Mughal India. Delhi: Idarah-i Adabiyat-i Delli.
Weller, Anthony (1997), Days and Nights on the Grand Trunk Road: Calcutta to Khyber. Marlowe & Company.
Kipling, Rudyard (1901), Kim. Considered one of Kipling's finest works, it is set mostly along the Grand Trunk Road. Free e-texts are available, for instance here（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）.
Usha Masson Luther; Moonis Raza. Historical routes of north west Indian Subcontinent, Lahore to Delhi, 1550s–1850s A.D. Sagar Publications. 1990.
Arden, Harvey. Along the Grand Trunk Road. National Geographic. May 1990, 177 (5): 118–38.
Mozammel, Md Muktadir Arif. Grand Trunk Road. Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (編). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh Second. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. 2012 [2020-09-02]. （原始內容存檔於2019-05-22）.
Tayler, Jeffrey. India's Grand Trunk Road. The Atlantic Monthly. November 1999, 284 (5): 42–48 [2020-09-02]. （原始內容存檔於2020-09-07）.
National Highway Authority of India
National Highway Authority of Pakistan（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
NPR: Along the Grand Trunk Road（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）